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SOC212 > SOC212 - 12. Mental Illness > Flashcards

SOC212 - 12. Mental Illness Flashcards

1
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

80% deal with it (friends, family)
1% - bipolar/schizo
5% - Anxiety
8% - MDP

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2
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

70% - detected in childhood (early onset)
20% of Canadians will personally experience a mental
illness

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3
Q

Mental Illness in Canada

A

Mental illness affects people of all
levels, and cultures, ages, educational and income
10-20 % of Canadian youth are affected by a mental illness
Only 1 mental health services receives out of 5 children who need them

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4
Q

Costs

A

51 Billion cost

4% of all admissions - 1.5 Mill Hospital Days

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5
Q

Stigma

A

Stigma: shamed or disgrace attached to something
can stop ppl from getting treatment
society values thinking

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6
Q

Stigma

A

can’t control how they act or think

held accountable for being ill - unlike cancer

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7
Q

Stigma

A

systems of care are distinct
view mental illness as violent, unpredictable, crazy
negative stereotypes from media perpetuating fear and prejudice

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8
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

The Psychiatric Diagnostic Manual:
The American Psychiatric Association (2013) developed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorder (5th Ed)
DSM Changes

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9
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

took out homosexuality and neurosis, but added eating disorders, PTSD
categorizing system - how disorders relate to each other
not provide understanding of person’s mind

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10
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

Psychiatry traditionally classifies mental disorders according to two types functional, or nonorganic, disorders.

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11
Q

Psychiatric Approaches

A

Organic Mental Disorders: physiological source

Functional Mental Disorders: compulsive behaviour, neurosis

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12
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

manic-depressive: bipolar

Minor Disorders — from organic causes and those derived

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13
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

Paranoid Behaviour: extreme suspicion
Depressive Behaviour
Schizophrenia: delusion, social withdrawal

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14
Q

Psychiatric Approach

A

-

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15
Q

Normative Definition

A

Redlich (1957) advocated another method for making the clinical classification of behavior – “normal” or “abnormal”.
• Problems
• The motivation of the behavior

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16
Q

Normative Definition

A
  • situation in which the behavior occurs: context is important
  • Who decides?: experts or general public
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17
Q

Normative Definition

A

•Residual Norms
Social Reactions
norm violations - not covered by behavioural expectations

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18
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

• variation in diagnosed mental disorders by social class, gender, age, race and ethnicity, and marital status.
• Class: severe disorders concentrated in lower classes
eating disorders more concentrated in upper
• Gender: depressive disorders - female

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19
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

• Age: 18-29 - schizophrenia
• Race/Ethnicity: African american - more active disorders
eating disorders more common in caucasians
• Martial Status

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20
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

LGBT - higher rates of depression, body disorders
marriage - protective risk factor
less stress levels

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21
Q

Social Stratification and Mental Illness

A

-

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22
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

Social stress may exhibit similar links to mental illness + also seems directly related to behaviors frequently defined as elements of mental disorders - linked to certain life events - changes
common

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23
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

Certain types of mental illness seem associated with specific proportions of stressful life events.
OCD: relieves stress when engaging in compulsions
Stress in Modern Life
Stress & Anxiety

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24
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

stress builds over long periods of time
can be insulated by coping strategies
financial means can be helpful in coping

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25
Q

Social Stress & Mental Illness

A

-

26
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

-

27
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

Stress does not inevitably produce mental illness.

Coping strategies are important for intervening between life events + mental disorders.

28
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

individual needs coping skills + capabilities in order to deal with social and environmental demands
Successful coping depends on both physical + social resource

29
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

capacity and coping strategies in dealing with stress
SES situation
adaptation takes motivation and reaction

30
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

23% self report mental illness

canadians in lowest income bracket 3-4x more likely to report low well-being

31
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

-

32
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

Inability to Shift Roles: Many people who develop mental
illness appear to lose ability to shift easily or at all from one social role to another
shift in roles => shift in expectations

33
Q

Stress & Coping Strategies

A

Performing the Mentally Ill Role: actions and conditions that
characterize mental illness (like withdrawal, depression,
compulsions, obsessions, and hallucinations) violate common norms

34
Q

Social Roles & Mental Illness

A

breaking rules
labelling them can help them perform mental roles
encourage them and make it easier for them to get help

35
Q

Social Roles & Mental Illness

A

-

36
Q

Social Roles & Mental Illness

A

Self-Reactions and Social Roles:
People experience a self-reaction to their appearance, status, and conduct.
Distorted self-conceptions.

37
Q

Social Roles & Mental Illness

A

Culture influences the nature of self-reactions
Mental illness may fall along a continuum of behavior, influenced by personal resources, symptoms + social expectations (Gove and Hughes, 1989)

38
Q

Social Roles & Mental Illness

A

difficulties in relationships + anxiety

self identity: affected by culture

39
Q

Eating Disorders

A

term eating disorders encompasses a variety of behaviors associated with patterns of consuming food.

anorexia: purposeful starving
bulimia: purging + binging pattern

40
Q

Eating Disorders

A

orthorexia: fixation with healthy eating
more about anxiety, self-loathing, lack of control
can lead to heart conditions
Psychological explanations

41
Q

Eating Disorders

A

Cultural values increase the likelihood for eating disorders. Social standards of female beauty that dominate
conversations, media images + clothing fashions

42
Q

Eating Disorders

A

Culture: normative standards for beauty
many times unrealistic, and racialized
Ads: photoshop

43
Q

Eating Disorders

A

1998 - interviews with ppl in Fiji
1995 - brought in tv
after 3 years of watching tv, girls started getting eating disorders

44
Q

Social Control of Mental Illness

A

Mental Hospitals:
Perform two main functions:
Treatment enables mentally disordered people to return to
normal society + protection for both patients and society.

45
Q

Social Control of Mental Illness

A

lost popularity: abuse + neglect
didn’t know what to do with them
drugs can help ppl function

46
Q

Social Control of Mental Illness

A

The Deinstitutionalization Movement: movement intended to offer outpatients, including those who have previously experienced hospitalization + those who have not, a variety of services through local clinics.

47
Q

Social Control of Mental Illness

A

treated at home

substantial decrease in hospitals that focus on mental illness

48
Q

Social Control of Mental Illness

A

Problems:
30-70% of homeless - they fall through the cracks
still neglected even if outside mental institutions

49
Q

Reducing Stigma

A

• public stigmatizes those with mental illness as unpredictable and potentially dangerous.

50
Q

Reducing Stigma

A

• Several mentally ill people may experience discrimination + choose to avoid treatment for their disorders in attempt to reduce the stigma.
difficulty getting employment

51
Q

Reducing Stigma

A

• Public education + fundraising: many groups such as Bell that work to decrease Stigma
tertiary deviance* - group trying to change label or meaning associated with it

52
Q

Problems

A

Stigma & Blame:
neoliberalism: state is less responsible for individuals
look after own retirement, security + health

53
Q

Problems

A

we are not taught on how to deal with emotional problems + life changes
• Structural Issues: lack of access to quality mental health care

54
Q

Problems

A

Big Pharma: important we think critically
industry element => money involved
lots of money in selling pills

55
Q

Problems

A

Homelessness: more likely to be homeless at some point

less social support/safety net - less contact with family + friends

56
Q

Problems

A

Access to Quality Care: hard to get into hospitals that focus on mental health
need good insurance

57
Q

Problems

A

framing: seen as for white ppl

coloured ppl difficulty getting support when they want to get help

58
Q

Stigma & Mental Illness

A

Health care environment not immune to Stigma
judgement before getting to know them
assume they are seeking attention - even when they are seeking help for a different illness
dismissiveness

59
Q

Stigma & Mental Illness

A

youth labelled by teachers, peers
bullied and made fun of
ppl don’t know how to deal with ppl with mental illness

60
Q

Stigma & Mental Illness

A

system labels them and ignores the causes

treated like a problem, not a person with a problem

61
Q

Stigma & Mental Illness

A

death never defined in terms of mental illness, but how they died
can’t see the mental illness unlike broken bones so they don’t know what to do

62
Q

Stigma & Mental Illness

A

be more receptive
don’t be close minded, be patient
early interventions - don’t get treatment until a crisis
more education and understanding

SOC212 (13 decks)

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