Valvular Disorders

Question 1

-Often thin females -Often asympto -Mid systolic clicks, late systolic murmur

Answer 1

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Question 2

• Impedes flow between L atrium and ventricle (d/t rheumatic Dz)
• Sx: Right sided heart failure, pulm. htn, hemoptysis
• Tx: Surg
• Diastolic rumble murmur best heard apically

Answer 2

Mitral stenosis

Question 3

• Right sided pressure overload–>R sided cardiomegaly/systemic venous congestion–> R sided HF
• Sx: Increased JVP, exercise intolerance
• Tx: Na restrictions, diuretics; surgical repair

Answer 3

Tricuspid stenosis

Question 4

-Volume overload d/t backflow-Sx: Left sided heart failure; bounding pulse,

Tx: Vasodilators

-diastolic decrescendo Murmur best heard 2-4 LICS

Answer 4

Aortic Insufficiency/regurg

Question 5

• MC -Congenital; degeneration 2/2 rheumatic Dz
• Stenosis impedes outflow–>LVH
• Dyspnea, fatigue, exercise intolerance; thrill, thready pulse
• Tx: Surgical replacement
• Systolic ejection murmur, RUSB, can radiate into neck

Answer 5

Aortic Stenosis

Question 6

• Retrograde flow–>volume overload of left atrium–> decreased CO
• Sx: Pulm edema, dyspnea, CHF sx, a fib.
• Tx: Vasodilators; valve repair
• Blowing, holoystolic murmur radiating into left axilla

Answer 6

Mitral insufficiency/regurgitation