Chapter 8

Question 1

Claim that we can describe what people do, but can never judge the moral worth of their behavior

Answer 1

Descriptivist

Question 2

Insist that we may and must categorize certain behavior as morally wrong

Answer 2

Normativists

Question 3

Philosophers who have the 2 descriptivists theory

Answer 3

A.J. Ayer

Thomas Hobbes

Question 4

Ayer’s theory is ____

Answer 4

Metaethical

Question 5

Are statements that are either true or false

Answer 5

cognitively meaningful propositions

Question 6

Is one in which the predicate term simply analyzes the content of the subject term

Answer 6

Analytic propositions

Question 7

Analytic proposition is know technically as ____

Answer 7

Tautology

Question 8

Tautology came from the latin word ____

Answer 8

Tautos

Question 9

Tautos means?

Answer 9

The same

Question 10

Proposition is known to be true or false by some sensory observation that would verify it

Answer 10

Empirically verifiable propositions

Question 11

Differ on the most fundamental issue in ethics

Answer 11

Descriptivists and normativists

Question 12

A fake masquerading as a meaningful sentence

Answer 12

Pseudo-proposition

Question 13

Feelings are _____

Answer 13

Non Cognitive

Question 14

Ethical propositions are merely expressions of feelings, this theory is known as

Answer 14

Emotivism

Question 15

In this ____, each person would express his innate drives for self-preservation and self-assertion.

Answer 15

State of Nature

Question 16

He taught that human beings are merely complicated machines-matter-in-motion

Answer 16

Hobbes

Question 17

____is my pleasure

Answer 17

Good

Question 18

____ is whatever increases my pleasure or decreases my pain.

Answer 18

Right

Question 19

He argues that nature gives each of us the right to do anything necessary to live and to get ahead

Answer 19

Hobbes

Question 20

______ is inherent in each person

Answer 20

“Right of nature”

Question 21

According to Hobbes, all action is ____

Answer 21

Selfish action

Question 22

In ____, there is nothing right or wrong

Answer 22

State of nature

Question 23

Hobbes’ theory is a ___ in that it simply explains the causes of behavior

Answer 23

Psychological theory

Question 24

Hobbes theory is called?

Answer 24

Psychological egoistic Hedonism

Question 25

Means that the act is automatic, not something I must strive to do. It is not ethical

Answer 25

Psychological

Question 26

Act for own pleasure

Answer 26

Egoistic

Question 27

Means that pleasure is the good and the only good

Answer 27

Hedonism

Question 28

Prudent to seek peace

Answer 28

State of law

Question 29

The ____ makes laws that apply to every one of his subjects

Answer 29

Sovereign

Question 30

Morality, if we can use the world at all, is ____

Answer 30

Legality