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CDS Flashcards

1
Q

International Building Code

A
  • Created in 2000
  • From 3 main previous building codes
  • Primary Model Code
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2
Q

Occupancy

A

Type of use of a building or interior space

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3
Q

Occupancy Groups

A

10 major ones:

Assembly, Business, Educational, Factory and industrial, Hazardous, Institutional, Mercantile, Residential, Storage, Utility

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4
Q

Fiduciary

A

a party to whom another party entrusts property for safekeeping. Failure to fulfill fiduciary responsibilities is determined not so much by the fiduciary’s actions as it is by the RESULTS (damages). Negligence does not necessarily have to be proved in order for the fiduciary to be liable.

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5
Q

Indemnification

A

‘Hold Harmless Clause’ - Contractual obligation where one party is unable to file claims against another from specific liabilities

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6
Q

Schedule of Values

A

A statement from the C to the A reflecting the $$ owed for each division of work. Serves as a guide for payment.

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7
Q

Record Drawing

A

NOT as-builts. Last approved DOB drawing issued to what SHOULD have been the final result.

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8
Q

Substantial Completion

A

Stage in the work where the O is able to occupy the space. C decides that its time, prepares Punch List, A & O inspects, if approved, A prepares Certificate of Substantial Completion

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9
Q

Certificate of Substantial Completion

A

(G704) Document prepared by A, stating work is substantially complete. Signed by O, A & C

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10
Q

Retainage

A

(A101) O withholds $$ from C, as protection against C potential failure to complete work from CDs.

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11
Q

Quality Control

A

Careful checking of the work (drawings, const) before distributed to user (drafter, owner)

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12
Q

Statute of Limitations

A

Legislation which specifies period of time within which legal action must be brought in order to obtain legal relief for damage or injury.

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13
Q

Liquidated Damages

A

In O/C Agreement. $$ in contract charagable against C, for damages suffered by O, b/c C’s failure to contract. Usually results in delayed const, which is actual loss to O (Rent due, etc)

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14
Q

Mechanic’s Lien/ Lien

A

Claim against PROPERTY. Provides security that labor & materials will be paid in the event of non-payment by O. Forces sale of O’s PROPERTY. To protect owner: Retainage, Labor & Materials Bond, Affidavit and release of liens

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15
Q

Changes in the Work

A

Change WITH additional or red. cost/time = Change Order (AIA form G701)
Change WITHOUT additional or red. cost/time = ASI (AIA G710 form)

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16
Q

Alternates

A

Changes in specific parts of CD’s that allow O to tailor bid proposals. May be additive or deductive.

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17
Q

Unit Cost

A

Cost of work determined by unit prices of materials. Used when quantity of materials are unknown for estimating purposes.

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18
Q

Agent

A

Someone authorized to act on behalf of another party. (A is agent of O, typ.)

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19
Q

Negligence

A

Failure to meet standard of care expects of an A

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20
Q

Area/ Volume Estimate

A

Type of cost estimating, used in SD phase due to lack of details available. Used in conjunction with unit cost.

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21
Q

Subsystems Estimate

A

Type of cost estimating, used during DD and CD phase. Used to compare costs of assemblies once specifics become available.

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22
Q

Detailed Estimate

A

Quantity and Cost Method/ Labor and Material Method. Type of Cost estimating that requires more research on the A, which requires change order. Materials, quantity, and labor = total direct cost. C overhead, gen conditions cost, contingency, and profit = indirect cost. total direct + indirect cost = detailed estimate (extensive research and usually done by C estimator)

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23
Q

Bar Graph Schedule

A

Start and finish dates of phases of work, no indication of relationship b/w sequences of activities. Superior to CPM for visualization, inferior to CPM for management.

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24
Q

CPM

A

Critical Path Method of Scheduling. Planning and management tool for C. CPM = network diagram.. continuous schedule. Most effective way to cut time, is to reduce CRITICAL PATH time, by reducing CRITICAL activities.

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25
Q

Critical Activities (CPM)

A

Tasks along a critical path. If the activity is delayed, the completion of the project will delay (Critical Path Method of Scheduling)

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26
Q

Float Paths (CPM)

A

All paths in the network, other than critical. Measures extra time available, allows for delays to occur. (Critical Path Method of Scheduling)

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27
Q

Fast-Track Scheduling

A

Technique to save time in overall completion by combining A/E schedules with C schedule. Requires close coordination, usually need to hire CM to supervise. Additional service for A

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28
Q

Barrier-Free Provisions (ADA)

A

Regulations which provide accessibility to buildings and sites for persons with disabilities.

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29
Q

Accessible Route (ADA)

A

Continuous unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements.

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30
Q

Area of Refuge (ADA)

A

Area where disabled people are unable to use stairways and can remain while waiting for assistance. Area must be fire-rated and smoke-proof.

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31
Q

Clear Floor Space (ADA)

A

Minimum unobstructed floor space required to accommodate a single wheelchair (30” x 48”)

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32
Q

Detectable Warning (ADA)

A

Surface feature built in to warn of hazards on a circulation path (i.e. subway yellow, domed lines)

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33
Q

Min. Clear Width for ADA route

A

36”

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34
Q

Accessible Route Slope (ADA)

A

Max 1:12

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35
Q

Door Min. Clear Opening Width (ADA)

A

32”

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36
Q

Accessible Door Hardware Height (ADA)

A

48” max. A.F.F.

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37
Q

Grab Bar Height (ADA)

A

33” to 36” A.F.F.

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38
Q

ADA Stall Dimensions

A

60” x 56”

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39
Q

Max Ramp Slope (ADA)

A

1:12

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40
Q

Top of Ramp Handrails (ADA)

A

34” - 36”, extend handrail 12” past ramp

41
Q

Ramp Length w/o Landing (ADA)

A

No more than 30 feet

42
Q

Max Stair Riser Height and Tread (ADA)

A

Riser: 4” min, 7” max / Tread: 11” min. (no open risers)

43
Q

Protruding Objects Rule (ADA)

A

below 27” = UL

above 27” = 4” max

44
Q

Min. Headroom in Circulation Spaces (ADA)

A

Vertical clearance of 80” (6’-8”)

45
Q

ADA Seating in Public Areas

A

5% fixed ADA seating of total amount of seating

46
Q

Occupancy Group

A

A - Assembly (1-Theaters, 2-Restaurants, 3-Libraries, 4-Arenas, 5-Stadiums), B - Business (office, college), E - Education (HS), F - Factory and Industrial (1-High hazard, 2-low hazard), H - Hazardous, I - Institutional (1-group home, 2-hospitals, 3-jails, 4-daycare), M - Mercantile (retail, mall), R - Residential (1-hotels, 2-apartment, 3-b&b, 4-small assisted living), S - Storage, U - Utilities

47
Q

Public Way (Egress)

A

Land unobstructed from the ground to the sky, appropriated to the public & clear width of 10 feet.

48
Q

Occupant Load Factor

A

Amount of floor area presumed to be occupied for one person

49
Q

Net SF

A

Space actually used

50
Q

Gross SF

A

Space actually used + stairs, corridor, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms, closets, interior partition thickness.

51
Q

Accessory Occupancy

A

space that is an accessory to main occupancy (less than 10% SF), that does not need to be separated from occupancy with fire barrier. (i.e. gift shop in hospital)

52
Q

Incidental Accessory Occupancy

A

Space (less than 10% SF of main occupancy STORY) that is incidental to main occupancy (and in same group), but MUST be separated by a fire barrier (i.e. linen collection room on same floor as hotel rooms)

53
Q

Occupant Load

A

of ppl that will occupy a space. Use largest number determined by one of 3 methods:

1) Actual # of ppl (count seats)
2) Use a LOAD FACTOR
3) Cumulative occupants EXITING through spaces = add load factors in diff. occupancies (auditorium LF + classrooms LF)

54
Q

Means of Egress

A

Continious and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress travel to public way. 3 parts:

1) The Exit Access = measured travel distance to exit
2) The Exit = portion of egress that is rated from exit access to exit discharge
3) The Exit Discharge = portion of egress b/w building exit and public way

55
Q

Common Path of Egress Travel

A

Portion of exit access for travel BEFORE other egress paths meet to two means of egress. Not to exceed 75’ (100’ in sprinklered)

56
Q

Exit Access Travel Distance

A

Distance ppl must travel from to most remote point in space to nearest exit. Code limits length, based on occupancy and sprinkler system.

57
Q

Width of Exits (Egress)

A

Occupancy Load x .03 (Stairs)
Occupancy Load x .02 (Others, i.e. Doors)
Factor >/= Code

58
Q

Exit Corridor Min. Width (Egress)

A

44” (3’-8”)

no projection of doors or handrails more than 7”

59
Q

Egress Doors

A

1) 36” Wide (min)
2) 32” clear width
3) Must swing in the director of travel
4) Cannot swing into require travel PATH more than 7”

60
Q

Approved Standards and Testing (BC)

A

All approved materials and assemblies required to be made with accepted testing methods or approved by agencies such as: ASTM, NFPA, ANSI, ASHRAE, NRTL, UL

61
Q

Construction Types (BC)

A

Types I, II, III, IV, V. Type I is MOST fire resistant, Type V is LEAST fire resistant.

62
Q

Allowable Floor Area and Height (BC)

A

Based on Const Type. More hazardous the building, the smaller it should be.

63
Q

ASTM 119 (BC)

A

Construction Assembly Test for building construction and material. Evaluates assemblies to prevent passage of fire, heat, and hot gasses, for time. given rating according to time - 1-4hr for doors, 20/30/45 for other

64
Q

NFPA 252 (BC)

A

Construction Assembly Test for door assemblies. given rating according to time - 1-4hr for doors

65
Q

NFPA 257 (BC)

A

Construction Assembly Test for window and glass block assembly. Fire and hose stream test in units of time.

66
Q

ASTM E84 (BC)

A

Finish Materials Test. Steiner Tunnel Test, measures surface burning characteristics of building materials. result has flame spread rating. Class A (I), B (II), C (III). A is most fire resistant.

67
Q

NFPA 265 (BC)

A

Finish Materials Test. Room Corner Test. determines contribution of interior textiles to fire growth using a 3 wall room. sometimes used with test ASTM E84

68
Q

NFPA 286 (BC)

A

Finish Materials Test. Evaluates contribution of wall and ceiling finish to room fire growth.

69
Q

Fire Partition (BC)

A

Wall assembly with 1-hour fire rating. ex: corridor walls

70
Q

Fire Barrier (BC)

A

More protection than fire partition. Vertical or horizontal assembly. Designed to CONFINE SPREAD of fire. ex: stairwell

71
Q

Fire Wall (BC)

A

Fire rated wall, separating one structure from another OR one construction type from another. Must be 2 - 4 hour rating, extend from foundation through the roof.

72
Q

Smoke Barrier (BC)

A

Continuous vertical or horizontal membrane with min. rating of 1-hour, designed to resist movement of smoke. Passive form of smoke control.

73
Q

Privity

A

egal protection for the A from claims by parties with whom he/she has no DIRECT relationship

74
Q

Tort

A

CIVIL wrong resulting from negligence as opposed to a criminal act

75
Q

Arbitration v. Mediation

A

Arbitration - Non-litigation of resolving disputes, neutral 3rd party hears both sides and makes binding decision

Mediation - both sides meet with neutral 3rd party and resolves disputes through compromise, rather than going through litigation

76
Q

Application for Payment

A

notarized statement of value of work done to date of application and value of materials purchased. should be submitted at least 10 days before pay date

77
Q

Proprietary Specification

A

AKA Closed/ Prescriptive
Product is specifically listed by name and #, NO SUBS allowed.
Why? A/O wants to see specific product

78
Q

Descriptive Specification

A

All REQUIREMENTS of product are described (details, arrangement of parts, chemical props)
Why? Most detailed, A assumes all responsibility

79
Q

Performance Specification

A

Like open, but instead of manufacturers, lists required EXPECTATIONS and RESULTS for the product.
Why? Allows contractor to competitively bid. (means to an end)

80
Q

Open Specification

A

Lists 3-5 materials/products/systems, contractor can use any oft them or suggest his own (needs to prove performance is equal)
Why? PUBLIC JOB, and allows for COMPETITIVE BIDDING

81
Q

Reference Specification

A

Like open, but product has to meet specific testing requirements (UL, ASTM, ANSI)
Why? You need things to conform to requirements.

82
Q

Cash Allowance Specification

A

$$ decided upon per product, that hasnt been designed yet.

Why? You dont know WHATto use yet, but you know how MUCH $$ to spend

83
Q

What are the Parts of the Spec Section?

A
  1. GENERAL - Scope, related sections, quality control, required submittals, guarantees, warranties.
  2. MATERIALS - materials, products, and equipment to be used
  3. EXECUTION - instruction on how to install the product
84
Q

What are the contents of the Project Manual?

A
  1. Bid Form
  2. Instruction to Bidders
  3. Contract Forms (O/C Agreement (A101, Performance Bond, Payment Bond, Certificate of Insurance)
  4. General/Supp Conditions
  5. Specification Index
85
Q

Completion Bond

A

Surety bond obtained by O, which guarantees project will be completed free of liens

86
Q

Performance Bond

A

A312
Surety bond obtained by C, guarantees to O that C will PERFORM work in accordance with contract docs. Required for bidders within Bid Bond

87
Q

Bid Bond

A

A310
Furnished by Bidder to guarantee (1) they will enter into a contract with O (2) they will provide performance AND labor and material payment BOND to guarantee work will be properly carried out.

88
Q

Labor and Material Payment Bond

A

A312
Surety bond obtained by C guaranteeing to O that the contractor will pay for all labor (subs, supplies) and materials. Protects O from mechanic’s lien and claims arising from unpaid C bills. Usually requested by O in conjunction with Performance Bond. Required as part of Bid Bond

89
Q

Certificate of Insurance

A

G715

Outline of types and limits of insurance coverage the C must carry.

90
Q

Subrogation (Insurance)

A

Procedure in which the insurance company, after paying loss, can recover $$ from party responsible. a waiver in A201 can preclude these parties from subrogation

91
Q

Property Insurance

A

Purchased for O, A201 requires it.
Insurance value = Project value
2 types: ALL RISK & named peril

92
Q

Loss of Use Insurance

A

Purchased by O, protects against financial losses from DELAYS or events PREVENTING the owner from using the project WHEN and AS expected.

93
Q

General Liability Insurance

A

Purchased by all. A201 requires O/C to purchase.
Protects against claims for damages for injury, sickness, etc.
Professional Liability/Errors and Omissions Insurance - liability insurance against negligence to meet standard of care expected from a professional

94
Q

Fixed Fee

A

(Stipulated Sum Agreement)
A lump sum for a scope of work. Contingencies are included (5-10%) to cover risk that cost > budget. Reimbursable are extra.
- If const. cost > Fixed Price = C eats $, O not responsible
- If const. cost

95
Q

Cost Plus Fee

A

Reimbursement for actual expense to perform work. Includes salaries, benefits, overhead, plus fee for profit. Usually includes guarantee maximum price (GMP).
Why? When O wants specific contractor.

96
Q

Percentage of Construction Cost Fee

A

Based on % of total cost of construction

97
Q

Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP)

A

Highest cost of construction guaranteed by C.

- If const. cost GMP, $ is owed to O by C.

98
Q

Construction Change Directive

A

G714
Document prepared by A, signed by O/A. Instructs C to change work, REGARDLESS of C agreement.
If C agrees to change in FEE, C signs CCD, and it becomes CHANGE ORDER.
If C does NOT agree on fee, A determines fee based on actual cost (time, materials, overhead), if still NOT in agreement, CCD goes to ARBITRATION.

CDS (3 decks)

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