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Psy 4600 > 4600 test # 6 > Flashcards

4600 test # 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Provide the diagram illustrating the development of an Sr

A

MO: Food deprivation (must be present when pairing takes place)

  • NS(click)/SR(food)
  • NS(click) becomes an Sr
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2
Q

Why must the MO for the SR or Sr with which the NS is paired be present when the NS is paired with the SR in order for the NS to become an Sr?

A

If the dog is not food deprived then food will not be a reinforcer at that particular moment in time. If the food is not a reinforcer at that moment then you would be pairing one NS with another NS

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3
Q

Be able to provide the diagram illustrating the effectiveness of an Sr

A

(The MO for the SR with which the Sr (ns) was paired must again be present for the Sr to be reinforcing)

MO (food deprivation) : R(dog lifts paw) -> Sr(click)

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4
Q

State the name of the two main effects that MOs have

A
  • It alters the effectiveness of reinforcers or punishers

- It alters the immediate/current frequency of behaviors that have been followed by those reinforcers or punishers

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5
Q

Reinforcer establishing effect

A

What specific consequences becomes more reinforcing

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6
Q

Reinforcer abolishing effect

A

What specific consequences become less reinforcing

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7
Q

Evocative effect

A

Behaviors that have resulted in (what specific consequences) in the past will be evoked/

What specific examples of behaviors will be evoked

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8
Q

Abative effect

A

Behaviors that have resulted in (what specific consequence) in the past will be suppressed /

What specific examples of behaviors will be suppressed?

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9
Q

What is the reinforcer establishing effect of becoming too warm?

A

Increased effectiveness of temperature decrease as a reinforcer

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10
Q

What is the reinforcer establishing effect of an increase in pain

A

Increase in effectiveness of pain decrease as a reinforcer

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11
Q

What is the evocative effect of sleep deprivation

A

Increases current frequency of all behavior previously reinforced with sleep

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12
Q

What is the evocative effect of water deprivation

A

Increases current frequency of all behavior previously reinforced with water

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13
Q

What is the reinforcer abolishing effect of water satiation

A

Decrease effectiveness of water as a reinforcer

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14
Q

What is the reinforcer abolishing effect of becoming warmer

A

Decrease in effectiveness of becoming warmer as a reinforcer

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15
Q

What is the abative effect of a decrease in pain?

A

Decreases current frequency of all behavior previously reinforced with a decrease in pain

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16
Q

What is the abative effect of activity?

A

Decreases current frequency of all behavior previously reinforced with activity

17
Q

What are the similarities between MOs and SDs?

A
  • Both precede behavior

- Both immediately evoke behavior

18
Q

What are the differences between MOs and SDs?

A
  • MOs are related to the differential effectiveness of a consequence (whether or not a consequence is reinforcing or punishing)
  • SDs are related to the differential availability of a consequence (whether or not it is possible to get the reinforcer or punisher)
19
Q

State a potential conditioned reinforcer that might be affected by water deprivation and satiation

A

-Sight, sound, of water becomes more or less reinforcing

20
Q

What is a possible Sr that could be affected by being too cold?

A

-Sight of blanket becomes more reinforcing

21
Q

MO(food dep): R(pull chain) —> Sr/SD(light on)L R(press lever) —>SR(food)

What is the conditioned reinforcer abolishing effect that food satiation would have

A

Light on will be less reinforcing

22
Q

MO(food dep): R(pull chain) —> Sr/SD(light on)L R(press lever) —>SR(food)

What behavior will be affected and why?

A

Chain pulling will occur less frequently in the future when the rat is food satiated.

23
Q

MO(headache): R(look on counter) —> Sr/SD(sight of advil):R(take advil)—> SR(dec. in pain)

What is the (unconditioned) reinforcer establishing effect of the headache?

A

Reduction in pain becomes more reinforcing

24
Q

MO(headache): R(look on counter) —> Sr/SD(sight of advil):R(take advil)—> SR(dec. in pain)

What is the evocative effect of the headache?

A

Any behavior that will result in the sight of advil (look on counter)

25
Q

MO(headache): R(look on counter) —> Sr/SD(sight of advil):R(take advil)—> SR(dec. in pain)

What is the conditioned reinforcer establishing effect/ What behavior is affected and how?

A

The sight of advil becomes a more powerful conditioned reinforcer

Looking on the counter will increase in frequency in the future

26
Q

MO(headache): R(look on counter) —> Sr/SD(sight of advil):R(take advil)—> SR(dec. in pain)

What is the SD evocative effect? / What behavior is affected and how?

A

The sight of the advil becomes a more potent Sd

The person would immediately take the advil

27
Q

In the Iwata study indicate how the two IVs were manipulated in each condition.

A
  • Baseline: Deprivation present, reinforcement absent
  • Deprivation: Deprivation present, reinforcement present
  • Satiation: Satiation present (no dep), reinforcement present
28
Q

In the first study regarding food, when were baseline sessions conducted and why were they conducted at that time?

A

Baselines were conducted 30 minutes before lunch when the subjects were “naturally” food deprived

29
Q

In the food study, how was satiation established?

A

-Sessions were held 15 minutes after lunch and the participants had free access to edibles for 10 minutes

30
Q

Why were response rates during deprivation higher than response rates during satiation?

A

Deprivation, reinforcement was provided for responding in both phases

31
Q

Why were response rates during deprivation higher than response rates during baseline?

A

Reinforcement, deprivation was present during both phases

32
Q

Describe the events that happened with Donny during the satiation phase

A
  • The extensive social interaction made termination of social interaction reinforcing
  • Evoked behaviors that in the past had been reinforced with the termination of social interaction (eloping, throwing blocks)
33
Q

During the pre-session satiation procedures for Donny, what was the conditioned reinforcer establishing effect of social satiation as an EO?

A

Termination of social interaction became reinforcing!

34
Q

During the pre-session satiation procedures for Donny, what was the evocative effect of social satiation as an EO?

A

Evoked the behaviors of running away from the E and throwing things at the E, because those behaviors had, in the past, been reinforced by the termination of social interaction with others.

35
Q

During the experimental sessions in the satiation phase for Donny, what was the conditioned reinforcer abolishing effect of social satiation?

A

It made social interaction less reinforcing

36
Q

During the experimental sessions in the satiation phase for Donny, what was the abative effect of social satiation as an EO?

A

It suppressed putting the blocks in the container

37
Q

What may failed attempts to apply reinforcement procedures result from?

A
  • A failure to identify functional reinforcers (via assessment) ex: using M&Ms as a reinforcer for someone who hates chocolate
  • A failure to establish functional reinforcers (via manipulation of antecedent variables) ex: presenting food right after lunch

Psy 4600 (7 decks)

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