L E C T U R E 10 - NEO CONFUCIANISM AND THE CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS

Question 1

Civil Service Examination

Answer 1

unchanged for 800 years

Defining institution of imperial China

Abolished in 1905

Question 2

Sustaining Imperial Power

Answer 2

burned books

established Confucianism

divided rule between Shi and Eunuchs

Question 3

Nine-Rank System 九品官

Answer 3

Aristocrats retained their local power

Classified by your importance in a community

Question 4

Sui Dynasty

Answer 4

rebuilt country, engaged in warfare

spent a lot of money for infrastructure

grand canal built

fruitless war against the Goguryeo kingdom of Korea

Question 5

Tang Dynasty

Answer 5

Japan liked the Tang Dynasty

Centrality and authority of Emperor paramount

Question 6

Cosmopolitan

Answer 6

multicultural

silk road

Question 7

Emperors Gaozu and Taizong

Answer 7

Beginning of Civil Service Exam

Question 8

Jinshi 进士

Answer 8

Scholar presented [to the emperor for appointment]

Much more analytical

JRE test**

Question 9

Equitable Field System

Answer 9

Tang

Re-distributed land
Pay “rent” (tax) to the government

Question 10

Officials and Taxes

Answer 10

Officials did not pay tax

Question 11

New products in Tang China

Answer 11

Dyes from Central Asia

Hairstyles from Persia

Incense from Arabia

Cloves (breath freshener) from Java

Pistachios, grapes, black pepper, dates, melons

Question 12

Chang’an

Answer 12

Religious Capital

many temples and monastaries

Question 13

Three Great Doctrines

Answer 13

Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism

Question 14

An Lushan Rebellion

Answer 14

rebelled against Tang

Question 15

Decline of Tang

Answer 15

up to to 80% of military not in Tang’s control

Tang lost central authority due to no army– and the Great Clans lost their source of income and status

Question 16

Song Dynasty

Answer 16

Culturally and economically strong but militarily weak

Question 17

Jurchen Jin Dynasty

Answer 17

overthrew the Liao

southern song

Question 18

Commerce in the Song dynasty

Answer 18

faced challenges as a tribute-taking society

had to pay tribute to korea, japan, other nations

more open to maritime trade

Question 19

Song products

Answer 19

Watertight compartments
Rudders
Compass
Gunpowder
Silk-reeling machine 
Wood-block printing used

Question 20

daoxue 道學

Answer 20

Learning of the Way

Question 21

Han Yu

Answer 21

Post-An Lushan Tang dynasty official

Reaction against Buddhism

Question 22

Cheng Yi

Answer 22

Confucianism philosopher

Question 23

Cheng Hao

Answer 23

Brother of Cheng Yi

Recovered teachings after death of Mencius

Question 24

Zhu Xi

Answer 24

1149 - Passed Jinshi exam

Convinced of superiority of Confucian Way and cultivation

Sought to restore vitality of China’s cultural heritage as a Confucian society

Question 25

Civil service exams in Tang

Answer 25

10-20% government positions came from examinations

Question 26

Civil service exams in Song

Answer 26

all positions came from the examinations

Question 27

Neo-Confucianism

Answer 27

Government is not the solution

Emphasis on individual self-cultivation

Individuals will share government’s values

Question 28

Emperor Wudi

Answer 28

established Imperial Academy

Question 29

What are the Four Books and Five Classics

Answer 29

Confucian classics

Question 30

Literati (Scholar-official)

Answer 30

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