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Respiratory > Respiratory Compromise, Arrest And Narcan > Flashcards

Respiratory Compromise, Arrest And Narcan Flashcards

1
Q

What is respiratory compromise?

A

Oxygen doesn’t get into the lungs
Oxygen doesn’t move into the blood
Blood doesn’t move around the body
Tissues can’t absorb oxygen

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2
Q

What are normal respiratory rates?

A

Adult(

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3
Q

What is respiratory arrest?

A

If either Rate or Volume (depth) of ventilation is inadequate, then minute volume falls and ventilation will be inadequate

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4
Q

What are the causes of respiratory compromise and arrest?

A 
Obstruction of air passages
Chest or lung trauma
Paralysis of respiratory nerves and muscles
Non-oxygen atmospheres
Lung disease and illness
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5
Q

What can cause paralysis?

A 
Electrocution
Head or spinal injuries
Poisons
Drugs
Diseases
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6
Q

Obstruction of air passages

A 
Tongue
Maxillo-facial injuries
Blood, vomit etc
Foreign bodies
Suffocation
External pressure to the neck
Drowning
Internal swelling
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7
Q

Name Oxygen-deficient atmospheres

A

Gases
Chemical fumes
Smoke
Altitude

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8
Q

Lung disease and illness

A 
Emphysema
Pulmonary oedema
Acute pneumonia
Asthma/bronchitis
Continuous fits
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9
Q

What are the clinical signs of obstruction?

A 
Difficult and noisy breathing
Cyanosis
Dilated pupils
Congestion of head and neck veins
Fits
Gradual loss of consciousness
Petechial haemorrhages (burst blood vessels)
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10
Q

List prescription opioid drugs

A 
Codeine
Diamorphine (heroin)
Methadone
Morphine
Pethidine
Co-dydramol (dihydrocodeine)
Distalgestic/co-proxamol (dextrpropoxyphene)
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11
Q

What can happen with an opioid overdose?

A 
Respiratory depression
Hypotension 
Circulatory failure
Coma
Convulsions
Renal failure
Pinpoint pupils
Respiratory arrest
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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of paralytic?

A 
Progressive deterioration in breathing rate and depth
Quiet breathing
Increasing cyanosis
Dilated pupils
Gradual loss of consciousness
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13
Q

Indications of when to administer narcan

A

When opioid overdose produces respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous depression
Unconsciousness - associated with respiratory depression
- where opioid overdose is a possibility

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14
Q

What are the side effects of giving narcan?

A

If a patient is physically dependant on opiates, narcan may cause violent withdrawl symptoms, including cardiac dysrhythmias ( abnormal heart rhythm)

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15
Q

What is positional asphyxia?

A

Position of body interferes with respiration

Results in asphyxia (suffocation)

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16
Q

What to do with positional asphyxia

A 
Do not restrain/transport face down
If restrained and/or in custody - close and continuous observations
Monitor - heart rate
              - ECG
              - Sp02
              - blood pressure
17
Q

What are the risk factors in positional asphyxia?

A 
Position resulting in airway obstruction
Alcohol or drug intoxication
Left in face down position
Obesity
Pressure applied to shoulder girdle or accessory muscles while face down
Mental illness
Agitation and stress
Physical exhaustion
18
Q

What are the causes of respiratory compromise and arrest?

A 
Obstruction of air passages
Chest or lung trauma
Paralysis of respiratory nerves and muscles
Non-oxygen atmospheres
Lung disease and illness
19
Q

What can cause paralysis?

A 
Electrocution
Head or spinal injuries
Poisons
Drugs
Diseases
20
Q

Obstruction of air passages

A 
Tongue
Maxillo-facial injuries
Blood, vomit etc
Foreign bodies
Suffocation
External pressure to the neck
Drowning
Internal swelling
21
Q

Name Oxygen-deficient atmospheres

A

Gases
Chemical fumes
Smoke
Altitude

22
Q

Lung disease and illness

A 
Emphysema
Pulmonary oedema
Acute pneumonia
Asthma/bronchitis
Continuous fits
23
Q

What are the clinical signs of obstruction?

A 
Difficult and noisy breathing
Cyanosis
Dilated pupils
Congestion of head and neck veins
Fits
Gradual loss of consciousness
Petechial haemorrhages (burst blood vessels)
24
Q

List prescription opioid drugs

A 
Codeine
Diamorphine (heroin)
Methadone
Morphine
Pethidine
Co-dydramol (dihydrocodeine)
Distalgestic/co-proxamol (dextrpropoxyphene)
25
Q

What can happen with an opioid overdose?

A 
Respiratory depression
Hypotension 
Circulatory failure
Coma
Convulsions
Renal failure
Pinpoint pupils
Respiratory arrest
26
Q

What are the clinical signs of paralytic?

A 
Progressive deterioration in breathing rate and depth
Quiet breathing
Increasing cyanosis
Dilated pupils
Gradual loss of consciousness
27
Q

Indications of when to administer narcan

A

When opioid overdose produces respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous depression
Unconsciousness - associated with respiratory depression
- where opioid overdose is a possibility

28
Q

What are the side effects of giving narcan?

A

If a patient is physically dependant on opiates, narcan may cause violent withdrawl symptoms, including cardiac dysrhythmias ( abnormal heart rhythm)

29
Q

What is positional asphyxia?

A

Position of body interferes with respiration

Results in asphyxia (suffocation)

30
Q

What to do with positional asphyxia

A 
Do not restrain/transport face down
If restrained and/or in custody - close and continuous observations
Monitor - heart rate
              - ECG
              - Sp02
              - blood pressure
31
Q

What are the risk factors in positional asphyxia?

A 
Position resulting in airway obstruction
Alcohol or drug intoxication
Left in face down position
Obesity
Pressure applied to shoulder girdle or accessory muscles while face down
Mental illness
Agitation and stress
Physical exhaustion

Respiratory (18 decks)

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