Ncleic Acid Base, Nucleotides And Polynucleotides

Question 1

What purpose do the sugars serve in the nucleotides

Answer 1

Serve as a backbone, D ribose in DNA and R ribose in RNA

Question 2

What are the two types of nucleic acid bases

Answer 2

Purines, C and T and pyrimadines, A and G

Question 3

What is a tautomerism

Answer 3

Are isomers that differ by the shift of one H atom and a double bond

Question 4

What type of tautomerism does an OH group undergo

Answer 4

Keto/enol tautomerism

Question 5

What type of tautomerism does an NH2 group undergo

Answer 5

Amino/imino tauterism

Question 6

What are the components of a nucleoside

Answer 6

A base + a sugar

Question 7

What is the difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside

Answer 7

A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base covalently attached to a sugar. A nucleotide is the same but attached with one to tree phosphate groups

Question 8

What are the nucleosides of : adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil

Answer 8

Adenosine/deoxyadenosine
Guanosine/deoxyguanosine
Cytidine/deoxycytidine
Thymidine
Uradine

Question 9

What is a polynucleotide

Answer 9

Two nucleotides linked via the phosphates connected to the sugars
The phosphate group bridges between 5’ OH and the 3’ OH of another

Question 10

At what pH are the phosphate groups completely ionized and negatively charged

Answer 10

At pH 7

Question 11

If the forces involved in a double helix are weak, why is it so difficult to disrupt a double helix

Answer 11

Since there are so many of these forces present the amount determines the strength

Question 12

If the forces involved in a double helix are weak, why is it so difficult to disrupt a double helix

Answer 12

Since there are so many of these forces present the amount determines the strength