Ch. 12 (global issues and anthropology)

Question 1

Contemporary global problems

Answer 1

Anthropology takes a holistic approach and relies on direct cross-cultural research:

• sustainable economic development
• cultural survival of indigenous peoples
• global environmental challenges
• explaining global wealth disparities

Question 2

economic measurements

Answer 2

GNP (Gross National Product) and GNI (Gross National Income)

Question 3

GNI

Answer 3

Gross National Income
Richest: Norway, Luxembourg, Denmark
Poorest: Burundi, Congo, Liberia

Question 4

non-economic indicators

Answer 4

• life expectancy

- infant mortality rates

Question 5

explanations for uneven economic development globally

Answer 5

1. modernization theory

2. world-systems theory

Question 6

modernization theory

Answer 6

(explanations for uneven economic development globally)

• theory that developing nations must take on modern characteristics
• ethnocentric and assumes that tradtiional people will be “better” if they become modern

Question 7

world-systems theory

Answer 7

economic development at the expense of others

Question 8

Development anthropology

Answer 8

Utilizing applied anthropology to address development challenges.

• understanding the allocation of resources, labour division, how decisions are made.
• Ex: PhytoTrade - Baobab tree - home-grown economic development

Question 9

marganalized peoples

Answer 9

• indigenous peoples (small-scale heritage, original inhabitants, no formal role in government)

Question 10

Cultural survival as a human rights issue

Answer 10

ie. Cultural Survival Inc.

Links to ethnocide and genocide

Question 11

Ethnocide and Genocide

Answer 11

Ethnocide = the removal of a distinct culture
Genocide = the killing a specific group/culture

Question 12

Advocacy groups for cultural survivial

Answer 12

Cultural Survival Inc.

Survival International

Question 13

Climate Change and anthropology

Answer 13

scientists agree global warming is leading climate change:

• rising seas levels putting island peoples at risk (“climate change refugees”
• increasing droughts
• IPCC - intergovernmental panel on climate change

Question 14

major consumers of fresh water

Answer 14

• agricultural industry
• fracking industry
• bottled water
• high consumption lifestyles (Palm Springs, Cali)

Question 15

multiculturalism

Answer 15

• recognizes the legitimacy and equality of all cultures
• requires awareness
• most sensible foreign policy strategy