Viral infections

Question 1

What is the risk of congenital rubella syndrome if the mother acquires infection in first trimester?

Answer 1

Congenital defects - 90% before 11 weeks

20% at 12-18 weeks (mainly sensorineural hearing loss)

Question 2

What is the risk of congenital rubella syndrome if infection is acquired >18 weeks?

Answer 2

Very rare

Question 3

What is the incubation period of rubella?

Answer 3

2-3 weeks

Question 4

What are Forchheimer spots?

Answer 4

rose coloured lesions in oropharynx with rubella.

Question 5

What can you see in congenital rubella syndrome?

Answer 5

SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS (67%) (most common)
OCULAR (71%) - cataracts (29%, salt and pepper retinopathy 39%)
HEART DISEASE (48%) - PDA (78%), right PA stenosis (70%), Left PA stenosis (70%), Valvular pulmonic stenosis (40%)
Low birthweight (60%)
Psychomotor retardation (45%)
Haematological problems - Neonatal Purpura 23%
Renal tract abnormalities
Pneumonitis
Death 35%

Question 6

What are some complications of postnatal rubella infection?

Answer 6

Postinfectious thrombocytopenia
Arthiritis
Encephalitis
Progressive rubella panencephalitis