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Social Service Practice > Module 7: Values and Ethics in Social Service Practice > Flashcards

Module 7: Values and Ethics in Social Service Practice Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Ethical Problem?

A

Identifying the right thing to do in a given practice situation

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2
Q

What are Ethical Dilemmas?

A

Choice by the SSW between 2 or more relevant but contradictory directives

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3
Q

What are Ethical Decision Making?

A

The process of analyzing and assessing the ethical dilemmas of practice in order to develop ethically appropriate professional behaviour

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4
Q

What is Client Self Determination?

A

The principle that clients have a right to autonomy and freedom of choice to make their own decisions

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5
Q

What is Paternalism?

A

The act of overriding the autonomous decisions of a person or making decisions for the person with the intention of benefiting the person

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6
Q

What are the elements of Client Self Determination?

A
  1. Freedom to choose
  2. Knowledge and information
  3. Access to resources
  4. Control and informed consent
  5. Involvement in decision making
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7
Q

What are Code of Ethics?

A

A collection of aspirations, regulations and guidelines that represent the values of a group or profession to which it applies; a complication of ethical standards

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8
Q

What are Ethics?

A

Branch of philosophy that deals with the rightness or wrongness of human actions

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8
Q

What are Values?

A

The customs, standards of conduct, and principles considered desirable by a culture, a group of people, or an individual

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9
Q

What are Ethics?

A

A system of moral principles and perceptions about right versus wrong and the resulting philosophy of conduct that is practised by an individual, group, professional or culture

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10
Q

What are the 8 core values?

A
  1. Service
  2. Social justice
  3. Dignity and worth of person
  4. Importance - Human relationships
  5. Integrity
  6. Competence
  7. Human rights
  8. Scientific inquiry
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11
Q

What are the purposes of the Code of Ethics?

A
  • Protects public (clients) from negligence and malpractice, i.e. a mechanism for accountability
  • Educates workers and the public about helping responsibilities
  • Enforces standards of practice
  • Provides a basis for improving practice
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12
Q

What are the limitations of the Code of Ethics?

A
  • General guidelines, not precise action steps
  • Does not always address the increasing complexity and diversity of life in the 21st century
  • Opposing values create tension
  • Ethical reasoning takes time, courage and effort
  • Unethical behaviour may still go undetected
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13
Q

What is confidentiality?

A

A social worker or social service worker shall protect the confidentiality of all professionally acquired information. He or she shall disclose such information only when required or allowed by law to do so, or when clients have consented to disclosure

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14
Q

What are the 6 legal obligations of helping professional’s?

A
  1. Duty of care
  2. Duty to respect privacy
  3. Duty to maintain confidentiality
  4. Duty to inform
  5. Duty to report
  6. Duty to warn and protect
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15
Q

What are the limitations to Confidentiality in Ontario?

A
  1. Risk of harm to self → suicide
  2. Risk of harm to others → homicide
  3. Suspected child abuse
  4. Elder abuse → the “silent” crime (Ontario only)
  5. Subpoena for you and/or your records to attend court
16
Q

What are other professionals and limits to confidentiality?

A
  • Communicable disease (HIV, TB): must be reported to the health department by Doctor/nurse and all contacts must be notified
  • Intimate Partner Violence: Police must lay a charge of assault even if the assault person does not want it; SSW must respect the person’s choice since kids not required to report the intimate partner violence
  • Domestic violence mandated reportable crime
  • Sexual violence is not mandated reportable crime
17
Q

What is Child Abuse?

A

Child abuse constitutes all forms of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other exploitation, resulting in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power.

18
Q

What is Elder Abuse?

A

Any action, or deliberate inaction by a person in position of trust which causes harm to an older person. The abuser can be a spouse, child, family member, friends, or paid caregiver

19
Q

What are the types of Child Abuse?

A
  • Physical
  • Emotional
  • Sexual
  • Neglect

Child up to the age of 16, and including children subject to a child protection order who are 16 and 17 years old

20
Q

What are the types of Elder Abuse?

A
  • Physical
  • Emotional/Verbal
  • Sexual
  • Neglect
  • Financial: theft, fraud (e.g. title and mortgage fraud, forgery), improper use of Power of Attorney (POA) for Property (e.g. withdraw money for self)
21
Q

Under the Ontario Child Abuse Law (under 16), what does the Child and Family Services Act (CFSA) require?

A
  • Requires immediate mandatory reporting to Children’s Aid Society (CAS) of any suspected abuse or neglect
  • CAS Intake worker gathers information
  • If severe, CAS worker must meet with family and child within 12 hours (police and hospital often involved)
  • Less serious cases: investigate within 30 days
22
Q

What are the Ontario Elder Abuse Legislations?

A

• The Long-Term Care Homes Act, 2007 (LTCHA)

  • Mandatory reporting if the person resides in a Nursing Home, i.e. Long Term Care (LTC) Home
  • Report to the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC) 1-866-434-0144

• Substitute Decisions Act
- Voluntary reporting in particular circumstances if the older adult is not mentally capable

• The Retirement Residence Bill 21
- Promotes zero tolerance of abuse and neglect of residents/tenant but no mandatory reporting

23
Q

What are the 3 criteria for informed consent?

A
  1. Capacity
  2. Comprehension of information
  3. Voluntary
24
Q

What is Malpractice?

A

Willful or negligent behaviour by a professional person that violates the relevant code of ethics, the agency policies, or the professional standards of care that proves harmful to the client

25
Q

What are examples of Malpractice?

A

Divulging confidential information; Sexual activity with a client; Physical injury to the client; Misrepresentation of one’s knowledge/skills; Unnecessarily prolonged services; Improper termination of needed services

26
Q

What are the Age of Consent Laws?

A

Age of Consent Laws differ province to province in Canada. Exceptions apply as well. Know these legalities to inform your work around limits to confidentiality.

It is typically known that 16 is the age of consent

27
Q

What are the type of Ethical Dilemmas?

A
  • An agency has limited funds to assist client with retraining. Who should get the money? The client with the greatest potential for success or the clients who need it the most?
  • A student in practicum becomes aware that their supervisor is attending an AA meeting with one of her clients
  • A 16 year old boy tells you he is working as a sex trade worker
  • Your client casually mentions he stole from a store a few months ago but was never caught

• One of the staff informs you that they intend to call in sick to extend their vacation
Your client informs you that he tested positive for HIV, but he has not informed his partner

28
Q

What is the ETHIC Model of Decision Making?

A

E - Examine relevant personal, societal, agency, client and professional values

T - Think about what ethical standards of the Code of Ethics applies, as well as relevant laws

H - Hypothesize about possible consequences of different decisions

I - Identify who will benefit and who will be harmed in view of social work’s commitment to the most vulnerable

C - Consult with supervisor/colleagues

29
Q

What is an Ethical Screen?

A

An ethical screen is often used when ethical and legal duties oppose each other. The following 7 Ethical Principles provide a hierarchical ‘screen’ to determine which duty takes precedence and why.

30
Q

What are the 7 Ethical Principals that provide a Hierarchical ‘screen’?

A
  1. Protection of life
  2. Social justice
  3. Self determination, autonomy, freedom
  4. Least harm
  5. Quality of life privacy
  6. Confidentiality
  7. Truthfulness and full disclosure
31
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘protection of life: the primary obligation’?

A
  • Rights of the client vs. rights of the family?

* Rights of the client vs. rights of the community?

32
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Equality and inequality’?

A

Those of unequal status or power will be treated differently if the issue is relevant to the situation e.g. Abuse

33
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Autonomy, freedom and independence’?

A
  • Does a person have a right to put himself or herself at risk?
  • Who defines the risk?
35
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Least harm’?

A
  • Is the impact permanent or temporary?
  • Which is the least intrusive?
  • To whom?
36
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Privacy and confidentiality’?

A

When can confidentiality legally be broken?

37
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Truthfulness and full disclosure’?

A

To clients? To family? To others? The community?

38
Q

Ethical screen; Ethical principles: what does it mean by ‘Quality of life’?

A
  • Who defines quality?

* What if the family and the client disagree?

Social Service Practice (3 decks)

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