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Zoology > multicellular and tissue levels chapter 9 > Flashcards

multicellular and tissue levels chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

porifera

A

sponges

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2
Q

osculum

A

opening at the top where water exits

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3
Q

spongocoel

A

large chamber

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4
Q

spicules

A

skeleton of calcium carbonate, slender rods 3-4 rayed

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5
Q

choanocytes

A

flagellated collar cells lining the inside canals, maintain current of water, they trap and phagocytize food particles

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6
Q

archaeocytes

A

free cells, may function in digestion or secretion of spicules or collagen

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7
Q

mesoglea

A

gelatinous “connective tissue” layer between cells

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8
Q

what are the 3 types of sponges?

A

Asconoid Sponge, Sychnoid sponge, Leuconoid sponge

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9
Q

Monoecious

A

having both female and males sexes in one body

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10
Q

asexual reproduction includes…

A

regeneration, budding and gemmules

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11
Q

gemmules

A

internal buds (dormant), masses of cells that are encapsulated and survive periods of harsh conditions

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12
Q

regeneration

A

replacement of lost parts

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13
Q

budding

A

external buds of tissue drop pff pf parent

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14
Q

Asconoid

A

simple sponges; small, shallow-water marine sponge, vase or tube like

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15
Q

sychoid sponge

A

larger than asconoid sponge; tubular body but body wall is thicker and more complex canals

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16
Q

Leuconoid sponges

A

form large colonial masses each member having own osculum, flagellated chambers that led to canals then to osculum

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17
Q

sessile

A

does not move

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18
Q

cnidocytes

A

stinging capsules

19
Q

ectoderm

A

becomes epidermis

20
Q

endoderm

A

becomes gastrodermis

21
Q

mesoglea cells

A

jellylike layer between epidermis and gastrodermis

22
Q

what is the function of cnidae?

A
  1. attachment - have stick secretions that help anchor
  2. defense - spines that penetrate
  3. feeding - spines with hollow tips to discharge paralyzing toxins
23
Q

Medusa

A

tentacles and mouth down, dioecious and free swimming

24
Q

polyp

A

tentacles and mouth up, asexual and sessile

25
Q

hydrozoans taxonomy

A

Kingdom: animalia
Phylum: cnidarian
Class: Hydrozoa

26
Q

hydrozoa habitat

A

freshwater

27
Q

hydrozoa features

A
  • polyp tubular body (tentacle up)
  • nematocysts
  • cnidocytes (hold and produce nemacysts)
28
Q

nematocytes

A

the coiled filament, located on the cnidocytes allow to sting and paralyze prey

29
Q

statocyst

A

small sac containg CaCO3 moves in response to gravity

30
Q

epidermis

A

cuboidal cells outside

31
Q

Jelly fish taxonomy

A

Phylum: cnidarian
Class: Scyphozoa

32
Q

the dominant stage for a jelly fish (scyphozoa)

A

medusa stage

33
Q

meaning of scyphozoa

A

“cup” and zoon “animal”

34
Q

meaning of anthozoa

A

“flower animals”

35
Q

anthozoa organism

A

Corals and Sea Anemones

36
Q

Sea anemone has which stage

A

polyp stage, no medusa stage

37
Q

sea anemone reproduction

A

Sexually (depending on the species)

Asexually (regeneration, fission)

38
Q

planula

A

solid ball of cells

39
Q

what are the 3 reefs?

A

fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll reef

40
Q

list organisms in each class Hydrozoa, Anthozoa, Scyphozoa

A

Hydrozoa: hydras
Anthozoa: sea anemone
Scyphozoa: jelly fish

41
Q

how does a sponge obtain food?

A

feed on plankton and bacteria, the choancyte collar collects food with finger like microvilli

42
Q

pinacocytes

A

regulate water circulation

43
Q

how do cnidarians use nematocysts to obtain food?

A

nematocysts harpoon prey, paralyze prey and engulf with mouth

44
Q

different methods of reproduction in sponge

A

sexually and asexually

Zoology (3 decks)

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