10.0 Pathological Gait: Hip

Question 1

When is the Intra Articular Pressure Greatest in the hip?

Answer 1

0° of Flexion

Question 2

What is the open packed position of the hip?

Answer 2

30-60° of flexion

Question 3

This is known as losing the ability to extend the hip at certain degrees.

Answer 3

Hip Flexion contracture

Question 4

This is known as failure to achieve normal amount of flexion

Answer 4

Inadequate Flexion

Question 5

This is coined as having more than normal range of motion at the hip

Answer 5

Excessive Hip Flexion

Question 6

this is known as persistent hip flexion when the hip should be extending

Answer 6

Inadequate Extension

Question 7

During Loading Response, What are some potential causes for Inadequate Hip Flexion?

Answer 7

1. Quadriceps Weakness
2. Hip Extensor Weakness
3. Decreased Heel Rocker

Question 8

What are the penalties for Inadequate hip flexion during loading response, possibly due to weak quadriceps, hip extensors, or decrease of heel rocker?

Answer 8

Decreased Shock Absorption at the knee

Increased bone and cartilage loading

Question 9

What are some potential causes for inadequate hip flexion during Pre-swing, Initial-swing, and Mid-Swing?

Answer 9

1. Hip Flexor Weakness

2. Muscle or Joint Pain (Avoidance)

Question 10

What are the penalties associated with Inadequate hip flexion during Pre-swing, Initial-swing, and Mid-swing, possibly caused by hip flexor weakness, or avoidance from muscle or joint pain?

Answer 10

1. Decreased Limb advancement
2. Decreased Stride Length
3. Decreased Foot Clearance

Question 11

What is a compensatory strategy for inadequate hip flexion?

Answer 11

1. Excessive knee Flexion

2. Circumduction

Question 12

What are some potential causes for excessive hip flexion during Pre-swing, Initial-Swing, and Mid-swing?

Answer 12

1. Compensatory Strategy to clear foot
   - Excessive Plantarflexion
   - Inadequate knee flexion

Question 13

What is the penalty associated with Excessive hip flexion through pre-swing to mid-swing caused by a compensatory strategy to clear the foot?

Answer 13

Increased Energy expenditure related to muscle overuse

-(Hip flexors)

Question 14

This is a rapid hip flexion couple with a quick deceleration, which causes the tibia to snap into extension.

Answer 14

Past-Retract Maneuver

Question 15

What are the potential causes of inadequate hip extension in Mid-stance and Terminal-stance

Answer 15

1. Hip Flexor tightness
2. Hip Flexion Contracture
3. Knee Flexion Contracture

Question 16

What are the penalties associated with inadequate hip extension, caused potentially by Hip flexor tightness, hip flexor contracture, and knee flexion contracture?

Answer 16

Reduced Stride Length

Question 17

What are some compensations for inadequate hip extension?

Answer 17

Excessive Anterior Pelvis Tilt

Backward Rotation

Question 18

A hip flexion contracture could cause what about the trunk?

Answer 18

Increased Lumbar Lordosis

Question 19

What are some causes for excessive hip Adduction during the stance phase of the Gait cycle?

Answer 19

Hip Abductor Weakness

Question 20

What are the penalties associated with excessive hip adduction during the stance phases, caused by hip abductor weakness?

Answer 20

Joint/soft Tissue Strain

• IT Band Strain
• Lateral hip Pain
• Medial Knee Strain

Question 21

What are the causes of excessive pelvic drop during the stance phases of the gait cycle?

Answer 21

-Hip Abductor Weakness

Question 22

What are the penalties associated with Excessive Pelvic Drop?

Answer 22

1. Increased Knee Stress
   - Varus moment
2. Increased Spine Stress
   - Facet Joint Compression
3. Muscle Overuse
   - Paraspinals
   - Quadratus Lumborum

Question 23

A compensation about the trunk due to hip abductor weakness is?

Answer 23

Contralateral Lateral Trunk Lean

Question 24

What are the potential causes of Excessive Hip Rotation during the stance phases of the Gait cycle?

Answer 24

1. Excessive Pronation

2. Weakness of hip External rotators

Question 25

What are the penalties associated with Excessive hip rotation about the stance phases due to excessive pronation and weakness of hip external rotators?

Answer 25

1. Knee Joint Stress/Strain
   - MCL Stress
   - Pen Anserine Strain
   - IT Band Strain
2. Patellofemoral Joint Stress

Question 26

Which muscles are of influence for Gait pathologies about the hip?

Answer 26

Hip Extensors

Hip Flexors

Hip Abductors