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CDB Flashcards > Gugmang Gi-Atay > Flashcards

Gugmang Gi-Atay Flashcards

1
Q

Generates the highest impulse?

A

SA Node

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2
Q

Only procedure to MEASURE cardiac FUNCTION?

A

2D Echo

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3
Q

Graphic recording of electrical potential generated by the heart?

A

ECG

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4
Q

3 components that produce electric currents, initiating cardiac contraction?

A
  1. Cardiac pacemaker cells
  2. Specialized conductive tissue
  3. Heart muscles
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5
Q

SA Node location?

A

Upper Posterior Wall of Right Atrium

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6
Q

Located between the Atrium and Ventricles

A

AV Node

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7
Q

Phases of cardiac electric activation where P WAVE is seen?

A

Atrial Contraction

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8
Q

Rapid Upstroke

A

Phase 0

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9
Q

Phase that corresponds to QRS complex

A

Phase 0

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10
Q

Depolarization

A

Phase 0

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11
Q

Plateau

A

Phase 2

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12
Q

Correspond to the ISOELECTRIC ST segment

A

Phase 2

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13
Q

Active repolarization phase

A

Phase 3

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14
Q

Correspond to the inscription of the wave

A

Phase 3

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15
Q

Allows time of the ventricles to relax

A

PR Interval

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16
Q

Prolonged PR interval

A

1st Degree AV Block

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17
Q

Lead that serves as electrical ground

A

Right Leg

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18
Q

Right Ventricles is assess and shows mirror image?

A

V3R

V4R

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19
Q

Major blood supply of the heart?

A

Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery

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20
Q

Most common site of blood clot in the heart?

A

Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery

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21
Q

Right Coronary Artery Supplies:

A

Posterior Wall
Right Ventricles
SA Node

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22
Q

Use clenched fist over the sternum describing an Angina

A

Levine’s Sign

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23
Q

Bradycardia + Hypotension

A

Bezold Jarisch Reflex

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24
Q

Bezold Jarisch Reflex associated with

A

Right Ventricular Infarct

Posterior Wall Infarct

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25
Q

Morphine is contraindicated

A

Bezold Jarisch Reflex

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26
Q

Tachycardia + Hypertension during ana acute MI

A

James Reflex

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27
Q

Morphine is indicated

A

James Reflex

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28
Q

James Reflex seen in

A

Anterior Wall MI

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29
Q

Depolarization of atria in response to SA node triggering

A

P waves

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30
Q

Allowing ventricular FILLINGS

A

PR Interval

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31
Q

Ventricular Depolarization

A

QRS complex

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32
Q

Triggers main pumping contraction

A

QRS Complex

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33
Q

Beginning of Ventricular Repolarizarion, should be FLAT

A

ST Segment

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34
Q

Ventricular Repolarization

A

T Wave

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35
Q

PR Interval normal value

A

0.12 - 0.20

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36
Q

QT Interval normal values

A 
Males: = 0.45
Females: = 0.47
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37
Q

Absence of P Waves

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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38
Q

Always SINUS RHYTHM

A

Presence of P Wave

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39
Q

Biphasic or Inverted P Wave

A

Left Atrial Enlargement

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40
Q

Will develop LVH and/or Hypertension

A

Left Atrial Enlargement

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41
Q

New onset of LBBB

A

Myocardial Infarction

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42
Q

Rabbits Ear Appearance

A

RBBB

43
Q

RSR appearance

A

RBBB

44
Q

Most common mechanism of cardiac arrest in Ischemia and MI

A

Ventricular Fibrillation

45
Q

PR Interval is > 0.12

A

First Degree Block

46
Q

Progressive increase in P-R interval until one P wave is blocked

A

Secondary Degree AV Block

47
Q

Sign to put PACEMAKER

A

Type II (MOBITZ II)

48
Q

Is a 2nd degree AV Block in which the PR Interval becomes progressively longer until the AV Node is not penetrated

A

Wencheback Phenomenon

49
Q

Delta waves on ECG

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)

50
Q

Pre-excitation Syndrome

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)

51
Q

Very common, loss of P wave, will end up to V. tach

A

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

52
Q

Pharmacological mgt of Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

A

1st: ADENOSINE
2nd: Verapamil

53
Q

Maneuver mgt of Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

A

Carotid Massage

54
Q

Mgt of Hemodynamic Unstable

A

Cardiovert

If px is awake give Diazepam then Cardiovert

55
Q

Saw tooth appearance

A

Atrial Flutter

56
Q

SCN5A located on the short arm of the 3rd chromosomes 3p21

A

Brugada Syndrome

57
Q

Young male patient presented with ST Segment elevation suggested

A

Brugada Syndrome

58
Q

Sodium Channel is the defect

A

Brugada Syndrome

59
Q

ECG Findings of Brugada Syndrome

A 
ST Elevation ( Saddle and Coved Type)
RBBB V1-V3
60
Q

Thin-walled with fair amount of ELASTICITY and DISTENSIBILITY. VALVELESS

A

Atrium/Atria

61
Q

Ejects blood against low pressure of pulmonary circulation

A

Right Ventricles

62
Q

Blood against high pressure of systemic circulation

A

Left Ventricles

63
Q

1 hgb = ? Oxygen

A

1.34mL oxygen

64
Q

Cardiac valves contains 2 cusps?

A

Mitral Valve

65
Q

Normal amount of pericardial fluid?

A

30mL

66
Q

Node of Keith and Flack

A

SA Node

67
Q

SA node location

A

Lies in the sulcus between superior vena cava and right atrium

68
Q

Backman

A

Anterior Internodal Pathway

69
Q

Wenkeback

A

Middle Internodal Pathway

70
Q

Posterior Internodal Pathway

A

Thorel

71
Q

Found in the posterior wall of the Right Atrium

A

Atrio-Ventricular Node

72
Q

Major venous drainage of the heart

A

Coronary Sinus

73
Q

Deliver OXYgenated blood to the organs

A

systemic ARTERIES

74
Q

Thick walled and under HIGH PRESSURE

A

systemic ARTERIES

75
Q

Site of highest resistance

A

Arterioles

76
Q

Largest total cross sectional and surface area

A

Capillaries

77
Q

Site where exchange of nutrients, water and gases occurs

A

Capillaries

78
Q

Lowest Pressure, contains DEOXYgenated blood and with VALVES

A

Veins

79
Q

Pressure gradient is INVERSELY proportional to the total peripheral resistance

A

Blood Flow

80
Q

Change in RESISTANCE of blood flow can be expressed by

A

Poiseuille Equation

81
Q

Is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to viscosity of blood

A

Resistance

82
Q

Stream Line or straight line

A

Laminar Flow

83
Q

Different directions of flow

A

Turbulent Flow

84
Q

Predict whether blood flow will be laminar or turbulent.

A

Reynold’s Number

85
Q

Ruptures of blood vessels happened in

A

Bifurcation

86
Q

Value is related to RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE

A

Preload

87
Q

The most important determine factors for preload

A

Venous Return

88
Q

Preload is equal to

A

End Diastolic Volume

89
Q

The tension(arterial pressure) against which the ventricules must contract.

A

Afterload

90
Q

If arterial pressure increase, what happened to afterload?

A

Increase

91
Q

Also known as End-systolic wall stress resistance

A

Afterload

92
Q

Is the volume of blood PUMPED each minute

A

Cardiac Output

93
Q

Stroke Volume X Heart Rate

A

Cardiac Ouput

94
Q

Is the difference between RESTING and MAXIMAL cardiac output

A

Cardiac Reserve

95
Q

End DIASTOLIC Volume minus End SYSTOLIC Volume

A

Stroke Volume

96
Q

Amount of blood that is ejected from the left ventricle

A

Stroke Volume

97
Q

Relationship between Cardiac Output and Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (or the relationship between stroke volume and right atrial pressure)

A

Frank-Sterlings Principle

98
Q

Amount of blood collecting in a ventricle during DIASTOLE

A

End-Diastolic Volume (EDV)

99
Q

Amount of blood remaining in a ventricular after contraction

A

End-Systolic Volume (ESV)

100
Q

3 Factors Determine Stroke Volume

A

Preload
Afterload
Contractility

101
Q

Atrial Reflex

A

Bainbridge Reflex

102
Q

A sympathetic reflex initiated by increased blood in the aorta

A

Bainbridge Reflex

103
Q

Cause stimulation of the SA Node

A

Bainbridge Reflex

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