4.6.4 Classification of Living Organisms Flashcards
(14 cards)
1
Q
What does classification involve?
A
- putting organisms into groups depending on their structure and characteristics
2
Q
What was the Linnaean System?
A
- Carl Linnaeus put this forward in the 1700s
- living things were divided into certain subtopics
3
Q
What are the subtopics of the Linnaean System?
A
- kingdoms
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
4
Q
What does the binomial system do?
A
- gives each organism a name which is used worldwide to overcome language barriers
5
Q
What is the first part of a binomial name?
A
- genus
6
Q
What is the second part of a binomial name?
A
- species
7
Q
How was it found that some species were more distantly related than first thought?
A
- developments in science
- e.g. improvement of microscope
- increased knowledge of biochemistry
8
Q
Who was the three-domain system developed by?
A
- Carl Woese
9
Q
What groups did Carl Woese added?
A
- domains which are above kingdoms
10
Q
What are the three groups Woese added?
A
- archaea
- bacteria
- eukaryota
11
Q
What was the archaea group?
A
- primitive bacteria which live in extreme environments such as hot springs
12
Q
What was the bacteria group?
A
- true bacteria
- despite having similar features to archaea
13
Q
What was the eukaryota group?
A
- organisms who have a nucleus enclosed in membranes, includes the kingdoms protists, fungi, plants and animals
14
Q
What are evolutionary trees?
A
- used to show how closely related organisms are
- to complete this they use classification data and fossils for extinct species
