Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rheumatology - Phase II > Gout > Flashcards

Gout Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Gout?

A

Monosodium urate crystals deposited in and around joints causing erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What can cause an exacerbation of Gout?

A

Surgery
Diuretics - Thiazide
Infection
Fasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some of the risk factors for Gout?

A

Male

Diet high in purine eg seafood, beef, pork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are Tophi?

A

Monosodium urate crystals that have deposited in tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Podagra?

A

Gout in the metatarsal phalangeal joint of the great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does Gout present?

A

Monoarthropothy
Acute
Asymmetrical
Severe joint inflammation and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What joints are commonly effected by Gout?

A 
Ankle
Foot
Hand
Wrist
Knee
Elbow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What renal disease can occur in Gout?

A

Radiolucent stones

Interstitial nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the differentials for Gout?

A

Septic arthritis
Pseudogout
Haemarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some of the causes of Gout?

A

Hereditary
Drugs - NSAIDs, Thiazide diuretics, cytotoxics, pyrazinamide
Decreased excretion - Renal impairment
Increased cell turnover - Lymphoma, leukaemia, psoriasis
Ethanol excess
Purine rich foods - beef, pork, seafood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What diseases are associated with Gout?

A

Metabolic syndrome
IHD
HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What investigations can be done in a patient with suspected Gout?

A

Polarised light microscopy - negative needle shaped crystals = gout
Serum uragte levels (may be increased, may be normal)
X ray - changes occur late into disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What changes are seen on X ray in a patient with Gout?

A

Occur late in disease
Punched-out erosions in juxta-articular bone
Decrease in joint space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the treatment for an acute attack of Gout?

A

NSAIDs - Diclofenac
Colchicine (If NSAIDs contraindicated eg PUD
Steroids (If in renal impairment as NSAIDs and Colchicine are contraindicated!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the side effects of Colchicine?

A

Diarrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can you try to prevent Gout attacks?

A

Loose weight
Reduce alcohol intake
Adjust diet to have less Purine rich foods
Drugs if lifestyle adjustments aren’t reducing attacks

17
Q

What drugs can be used to prevent Gout attacks?

A 
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors (Allopurinol)
Uricosuric drugs (Losartan)
Recombinant urate oxidase (Rasburicase)
18
Q

When do you use Allopurinol in the treatment of Gout?

A

If recurrent attacks, tophi or renal stones are present
When the patient is not having an acute attack
Give NSAIDs/Colchicine to cover for 3/12 with introducing Allopurinol as may cause an attack

19
Q

What are the side effects of Allopurinol?

A

Rash
Fever
Decreases WCC if given with Azathioprine

20
Q

What alternative drug can be given if a patient is allergic to Allopurinol?

A

Febuxostat (Xanthine Oxidase inhibitor)

Rheumatology - Phase II (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions