Cranial Nerves Flashcards by Kaitlin Monson | Brainscape

Q

Name of CN 1

A

Olfactory

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Q

Name of CN 2

A

Optic

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Q

Name of CN 3

A

Oculomotor

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Q

Name of CN 4

A

Trochlear

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Q

Name of CN 5

A

Trigeminal

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Q

Name of CN 6

A

Abducens

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Q

Name of CN 7

A

Facial

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Q

Name of CN 8

A

Vestibulocochlear

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Q

Name of CN 9

A

Glossopharyngeal

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Q

Name of CN 10

A

Vagus

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Q

Name of CN 11

A

Spinal Accessory

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Q

Name of CN 12

A

Hypoglossal

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Q

Olfactory Brain Region

A

Cerebrum (Telencephalon, Forebrain)

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Q

Optic Brain Region

A

Diencephalon (Forebrain)

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Q

Oculomotor Brain Region

A

Mesencephalon (Midbrain)

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Q

Trochlear Brain Region

A

Mesencephalon (Midbrain)

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Q

Trigeminal Brain Region

A

Pons (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Abducens Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Facial Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Vestibulocochlear Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Glossopharyngeal Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Vagus Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Spinal Accessory Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Hypoglossal Brain Region

A

Medulla (Metencephalon, Hindbrain)

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Q

Which spinal nerves are associated with the forebrain?

A

Olfactory (I) and Optic (II)

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Q

Which spinal nerves are associated with the midbrain?

A

Oculomotor (III) and Trochlear (IV)

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Q

Which spinal nerves are associated with the hindbrain?

A

CN V-XII

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Q

Olfactory (CN I) Function & Major fiber type

A

Smell

SVA (SENSORY)

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Q

Optic (CN II) Function & Major fiber type

A

Vision

SSA (SENSORY)

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Q

Oculomotor (CN III) Function & Major fiber type

A

Eye Movement (dorsal, medial, ventral - NOT LATERAL)

SE, VE (MOTOR)

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Q

Trochlear (CN IV) Function & Major Giber type/which muscle does it innervate?

A

Eye Movement

Dorsal Oblique Muscle: SE (MOTOR)

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Q

Trigeminal (CN V) Function & Major Fiber type

A

Masticatory Movements
SE
MOTOR

Sensation from face
GSA
SENSORY

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Q

Abducens (VI) Function & Major Fiber type/which muscle does it innervate?

A

Eye Movement

Lateral Rectus Muscle: SE
MOTOR

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Q

Facial (VII) Function & Major Fiber type

A

Facial Movement
SE, VE
MOTOR

Taste; rostral 2/3 tongue
SVA
SENSORY

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Q

Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Function & Major Fiber type

A

Hearing & Balance
SSA
SENSORY

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Q

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

A

Tongue & Pharynx

Taste sensations
SVA
SENSORY

parotid & zygomatic salivary glands
VE
MOTOR

Pharynx
GVA
Sensory

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Q

Vagus (X) functions and fiber type

A

Pharynx, Larynx, Heart, viscera
SE, VE, GVA….

abdominal and thoracic viscera
VE
MOTOR

MM of pharynx, larynx and esophagus
SE
MOTOR

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Q

Spinal Accessory (XI) Function and Fiber type

A

trapezius and three neck muscles - Neck movement

SE
MOTOR

Q

hypoglossal (XII) Function and Fiber type

A

Tongue Muscles
SE
MOTOR

Q

Which Cranial nerves have SVA fiber types?

A

Olfactory CN1
Facial CN7
Glossopharyngeal CN9

Q

Which cranial nerves have SSA fiber types?

A

Optic CN2

vestibulocochlear CN8

Q

Which 8 cranial nerves have SE fiber type?

A

oculomotor CN3
Trochlear CN4
Trigeminal CN5
Abducens CN6
facial CN7
Vagus CN10
spinal accessory CN11
hypoglossal CN12

Q

Which cranial nerves have VE fibers?

A

Oculomotor CN3
Facial CN7
Glossopharyngeal CN9
Vagus CN10

Q

Which cranial nerves have GSA fibers?

A

Trigeminal CN5

Q

Which cranial nerves have GVA fibers?

A

Glossopharyngeal CN9

Vagus CN10

Q

olfactory nerve clinical exam

A

Owners observations

Q

Optic nerve clinical exam

A

Menace response

Q

Oculomotor nerve physical exam

A

Horizontal eye movement

Pupillary light reflex

Q

Trochlear nerve clinical exam

A

Extend head and look for dorsolateral strabismus

Q

Trigeminal nerve clinical exam

A

Jaw movement and eye blink reflex

Q

Abducens clinical exam

A

Lateral eye movement

Q

facial nerve clinical exam

A

Facial movement

Q

Vestibulocochlear clinical exam

A

Horizontal and vertical eye movement

Q

Glossopharyngeal clinical exam

A

Pharyngeal gag reflexes

Q

vagus clinical exam

A

Gag reflexes, blood pressure, heart rate

Q

Spinal accessory clinical exam

A

Neck movement

Q

Hypoglossal clinical exam

A

Tongue movement

Q

Anosmia (loss of smell) occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Olfactory nerve I

Q

Anopsia (loss of vision) occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Optic nerve II

Q

Strabismus: eye deviated down and out (like looking out of the corner of eye) with large pupils occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Oculomotor nerve III

Q

Cat: dorsal aspect of vertical pupil deviated laterally occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Trochlear nerve IV (often bilateral damage)

Q

Bilateral damage = dropped jaw, asymmetric chewing, atrophy occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Trigeminal nerve V

Q

Double vision; strabismus: eye deviated medially occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Abducens nerve VI

Q

Facial paralysis and drooling occurs with damage to which cranial nerve?

A

facial nerve VII

Q

Deafness, head tilt and nystagmus occur with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

vestibulocochlear nerve VIII

Q

Choking and swallowing difficulty occur with damage to which cranial nerve?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve IX

Q

Hoarseness and inspiratory dyspnea occur with damage to which cranial nerve?

A

Vagus Nerve X

Q

Weakened turning of neck occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Spinal Accessory XI

Q

Deviation of tongue toward side of lesion occurs with injury to which cranial nerve?

A

Hypoglossal XII

Q

Damage to the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve results in:

A

Paralysis of mastication mm. and associated muscle atrophy (bilateral damage results in dropped jaw).

Recovery 3-4 weeks

Q

Damage to the facial nucleus results in:

A

Facial paralysis

Face droops, inability to blink on SIDE OF DAMAGE

Muzzle pulls toward one side (pulls AWAY from the side of damage)

OFTEN INVOLVED IN BRAINSTEM DAMAGE

Q

Damage to the Nucleus Ambiguus (CN 9 and CN 10) results in:

A

Swallowing and vocalization difficulties

Bilateral damage = vocalization difficulties

Q

Damage to the parasympathetic nucleus of III

A

loss of pupillary constrictor muscle in response to light on the SIDE OF THE LESION

BOTH EYES SHOULD CONSTRICT IF YOU SHINE LIGHT IN ONE

Q

Damage to the parasympathetic nucleus of X results in:

A

Accelerated heart rate, increased blood pressure and disturbances of GI activity

Q

Taste is associated with CN ……

A

7, 9 and 10

Q

Oculomotor Nucleus Function

A

SE - Innervates eye muscles that shift gaze dorsal, medial, ventral

Q

Trochlear Nucleus Location & Function

A

Innervates muscles of the tongue and eye

Located ventral to periaqueductal grey matter in the caudal midbrain

Q

Motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve Function

A

GSA

Innervates muscles of mastication

Q

Pontine Nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve Function

A

GSA

Touch and Pressure sensation from the face or oral cavity

Q

Nucleus of the spinal tract of V Location & Function

A

Located in the medulla

Pain & Temperature sensation from the face and oral cavity

Q

Damage to the nucleus of the spinal tract of V

A

Loss of pain/temperature sensation from HALF THE FACE

Q

Damage to the pontine nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

A

Damage results in loss of touch and pressure sensation from the face

Q

Damage to the mesencepahlic (motor) nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

A

Mastication issues yo

Muscle atrophy & bilteral damage results in dropped jaw

Q

Abducent Nucleus Damage results in

A

Medial strabismus

Q

Motor nucleus of the Facial Nerve

A

Muscles of facial expression

Results in facial paralysis, often involved in brainstem damage, muzzle pulls toward one side (AWAY FROM THE SIDE OF DAMAGE)
Droops on the side of damage, nose points towards opposite side

Q

Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (associated with which nerve?)

A

GVA (CN 9 and 10) & portion is SVA

Visceral sensation from the pharynx, larynx and portions of the esophagus

Taste from tongue and pharynx

Q

Parasympathetic Nucleus of the Vagus N.

A

VE

Innervates cervical, thoracic and abdominal viscera

Damage results in:
GI Disturbances
Accelerated heart rate
Increased blood pressure

Q

Parasympathetic Nucleus of the Oculomotor N.

A

VE

Damage results in loss of pupillary constriction in response to light in the eye on the side of the lesion

Q

Nucleus Ambiguus

A

Innervates mm of the soft palate, larynx and pharynx

Damage results in:
Swallowing diff.
Vocalization diff.
and Regurgitation

TEST GAG REFLEX

Q

SSA Nuclei - Special Somatic Afferent

A

Cranial nerve VIII - hearing & Balance

Optic Nerve (2) - Vision

Q

SVA Nuclei - Special Visceral Afferent

A

Taste - CN VII, IX and X

Smell - Olfactory nerve (1)

Q

GVA Nucleus

A

Nucleus of the solitary tract - CN IX and X

Q

VE Nuclei - Visceral Efferent

A

Parasympathetic nuclei of III and X

Q

SE Nuclei - Somatic Efferent

A

CN 3-7

CN 9-12