OB 4 - Learning Flashcards
What is LEARNING?
Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge through experience which leads to a lasting change in behaviour.
What is the Behaviourist Approach to learning?
Behaviour is determined by learned sequences of muscle movement. Trail and Error E.g Dog Training
What is the Cognitive Approach to learning?
Behaviour is determined by memory, mental process and expectation. Insight and understanding
What is positive reinforcement?
The attempt to encourage desirable behaviours by introducing positive consequences when the desired behaviour occurs.”
What is negative reinforcement?
The attempt to encourage desirable behaviours by withdrawing negative consequences when desired behaviour occurs.
What is punishment?
The attempt to discourage undesirable behaviours though the application of negative consequences, or buy withholding a positive consequence, following the undesirable behaviour.
What is Pavlovian Conditioning?
A technique for associating an established response or behaviour with a new stimulus.
What is Skinnerian Conditioning?
A technique for associating a response or a behaviour with its consequences.
Who develops the concept of a Provisional Self?
Ibarra
What are the 3 stages of the provisional self?
Observing
Experimenting
Evaluation
What is intrinsic feedback?
Information which comes from within, from the muscles, joints, skin and other mechanisms such as that which controls balance.
What is extrinsic feedback?
Information which comes from our environment, such as the visual and aural information needed to drive a car
What is Concurrent feedback?
Information that arrives during our behaviour and which can be used to control behaviours as it unfolds
What is delayed feedback?
Information which is received after a task is complemented, and which can be used to influence future performance.
What is the learning organisation?
Organisations must learn in order to thrive. New knowledge means innovation and advancements against competition.
