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Human Anatomy > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Nerovus system

A

Master controlling and communicating system

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2
Q

Sensory input

A

Information gathered by stimuli

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3
Q

Integration

A

A process that makes decisions based on the sensory input

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4
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Part of nervous system outside of the CNS

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6
Q

Afferent

A

Nerve fibers that convey impulses to the CNS

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7
Q

Efferent

A

Carries impulses from CNS to Muscles and glands (efferent organs)

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8
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Allows concious control of skeletal muscles

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9
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Regulates involuntary events, such as cardiac muscle

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10
Q

Neuroglia

A

Provide support and protection to neurons

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11
Q

Astrocytes

A

Star shaped cells that make up almost half of the neural tissue

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12
Q

Microglia

A

Spiderlike phagocytes that dispose of debris

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13
Q

Ependymal

A

Glial cells that line cavaties of the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Oligodendocrytes

A

Glia that wrap flat extentions tightly around nerve fibers

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15
Q

Schwann cells

A

Form living barrier between neurons and capillaries in CNS

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16
Q

Satellite cells

A

Protective coushioning cells

17
Q

Neurons

A

Cells specialized to transmit messages

18
Q

Dendrites

A

Neuron processes that convey incoming messages

19
Q

Axons

A

Bneerate neve impulses and typically conduct them away from the cell body

20
Q

Axon hillcock

A

Axon that arises from a conelike region of the cell body

21
Q

Axon terminals

A

Branches at the terminal end of an axon

22
Q

Neurotransmitters synapse

A

Vesicles or membranous sacs that contain chemicals

23
Q

Myelin

A

Fatty material that covers long nerve fibers

24
Q

Myeling sheath

A

Tight coil of wrapped membranes that encloses the axon

25
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

Gaps between Schwann cells

26
Q

Depolarization

A

An inward rush of sodium ions changes the polarity of the neuron’s membrane

27
Q

Action potential

A

Long distance signal

28
Q

Repolarizaiton

A

Outflow of positive ions from cell that restores the electrical condition at the membrane to the polarized or resting state

29
Q

Cerebrum

A

Cerebral hemispheres

30
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Either of the paried lobes at the top of the head

31
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Each of the paired lobes of the brain behind the forehead

32
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere

33
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Eahc of the paired lobes lying beneath the temples

34
Q

Gray matter

A

Outermost of the cerebrum

35
Q

Cerebral white matter

A

Most of the remaining cerebrum

36
Q

Crebellum

A

Base of brain

Human Anatomy (9 decks)

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