Peritoneum

Question 1

organs of the foregut

Answer 1

stomach
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
spleen
1st half of duodenum

Question 2

organs of midgut

Answer 2

2nd half of duodenum
jejunum and ileum
cecum
ascending colon
2/3 of transverse colon

Question 3

organs of hindgut

Answer 3

left 1/3 of transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum

Question 4

arteries supplying the foregut

Answer 4

celiac trunk

• splenic A
• L gastric
• comon hepatic

Question 5

arteries supplying the midgut

Answer 5

superior mesenteric

• ileocolic
• right colic
• middle colic

Question 6

arteries supplying the hindgut

Answer 6

inferior mesenteric

• left colic
• sigmoid branches
• superior rectal

Question 7

nerve supply to foregut

Answer 7

vagus

Question 8

nerve supply to midgut

Answer 8

vagus

Question 9

nerve supply to hindgut

Answer 9

pelvic splanchnic n

Question 10

parietal peritoneum

Answer 10

-lines body wall
-has abundant pain fibers via the nerves from the body wall
-innervated by somatic NS
-also supplies vasomotor fibers
-

Question 11

rigid abdomen

Answer 11

muscles in the abdomen tighten up and if you tough this person, would cause a very specific somatic pain response, i.e. guarding

Question 12

visceral peritoneum

Answer 12

• covers viscera
• lacks pain fibers–innervation by autonomic NS
• same blood supply, innervation, and lymphatics as organs that cover it
• insensitive to touch, heat, cold
• sensitive to stretching and chemicals
• causes referred pain

Question 13

intraperitoneal organs

Answer 13

• part of gut tube and covered by visceral peritoneum

- suspended in mesentery

Question 14

retroperitoneal organs

Answer 14

• lie deep to parietal peritoneum
• can be primarily–never part of gut tube
• can be secondarily–part of gut tube but lost mesentery

Question 15

dorsal mesentery

Answer 15

• dorsal aorta and its 3 branches run thru here

- most everything comes from dorsal mesentery

Question 16

ventral mesentery

Answer 16

• attached to stomach (mesogastrium)
• only extends from respiratory diaphragm to duodenum
• around area of liver

Question 17

greater omentum

Answer 17

• tissue that hangs off stomach

- attaches the stomach to other viscera

Question 18

what are the 3 subdivisions of the greater omentum and what do they connect?

Answer 18

• gastrocolic ligament–stomach to transverse colon
• gastrophrenic ligament–stomach to duodenum
• gastrosplenic ligament–stomach to spleen

Question 19

lesser omentum and its parts

Answer 19

• from ventral mesentery
• hepatogastric ligament–stomach to liver
• hepatoduodenal ligament–liver to duodenum
• contains portal triad

Question 20

what are the 4 ligaments of the liver?

Answer 20

• coronary ligaments–make triangle on top to become the falciform ligament
• falciform ligament–big ligament down from fold
• right and left triangular ligaments–at each lobe at top corners

Question 21

median umbilical folds

Answer 21

• urachus

- midline to bladder

Question 22

medial umbilical folds

Answer 22

• medial umbilical ligament

- obliterated umbilical A–As from fetus to mom

Question 23

lateral umbilical folds

Answer 23

• inferior epigastric vessels

- functional A and C

Question 24

falciform ligament

Answer 24

• ligament of the liver
• curved remnant of ventral mesentery
• ligamentum teres hepatis at lower border
• obliterated umbilical V

Question 25

supravesical fossa

Answer 25

b/w median and medial umbilical folds

-site for supravescial hernias (rare)

Question 26

medial inguinal fossa

Answer 26

-b/w medial and lateral umbilical folds
-site for direct inguinal hernias
called inguinal triangle

Question 27

lateral inguinal fossa

Answer 27

• lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

- site for indirect inguinal hernias