Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology (m) > Acute and chronic inflammation > Flashcards

Acute and chronic inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Name the causes of inflammation

A 
Foreign bodies (splinter)
Infections (bacterial/viral/fungal)
Ischaemia/infarction (heart attack)
Physical and chemical damage (acid burns)
Immune reactions (asthma)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define inflammation

A

The host response to tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why does vasodilation occur in acute inflam?

A

To increase blood flow to injured area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What influences vasodilation?

A

Histamine and nitric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Increased permeability leads to what?

A

Oedema as fluids leaks into extravascular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vasodilation and increased permeability leads to…

A

Blood stasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If endothelial cells become injured or contract this causes what?

A

Extravascular leakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define main aim of inflam

A

Recruit leukocytes to area of damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Marigination =

A

Rbc in the middle wbc near the endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Transmigration =

A

Wbc going into extravascular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Opsonin receptors recognise…

A

Microbes that have been coated with protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cytokine receptors respond to…

A

Cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

G protein coupled receptors recognise…

A

N-formymethionyl of bacteria as well as chemokine breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aim of acute inflam…

A

To resolve injury and promote healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chronic inflam is caused by

A 
Acute inflam (not as common)
Persistent infection
Immune mediated inflam
(parasite/myobacteria)
Prolonged exposure to toxic agen (atherosclerosis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tissue damage can occur when…

A

There is a long inflammatory reaction

17
Q

What are the signs of attempted healing?

A

Connective tissue repair
Increased growth of small bv
Fibrosis

18
Q

Clinical signs of chronic inflam

A 
Redness (rubor)
Heat (calor)
Swelling (tumor)
Pain (dolor)
Loss of function
19
Q

What are the outcomes of acute inflam?

A

Complete resolution
Healing by fibrosis
Abscess formation
Chronic inflam

20
Q

Signs and symptoms of chronic inflam?

A 
Fever
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Raised CRP
Raised WCC
21
Q

Name the more severe side effects of chronic inflam

A

Anorexia
General malaise
Sepsis

22
Q

Which type of inflam is short lived and is a rapid response?

A

Acute

23
Q

Which wbc is dominant in acute inflam?

A

Neutrophil

24
Q

Exaggerated inflame response can cause…

A

Allergies
Hypersensitivity reactions
Autoimmune diseases

25
Q

Poor immune responses can cause…

A

Immunodeficency conditions/diseases

26
Q

Medication for inflam…

A

NSAIDS
Anti-histamines
Steroids
Targeted biologics

27
Q

No inflam response leads to…

A

Tissue damage
Prolonged healing of wounds
+ Infection susceptibility

28
Q

Acute appendicitis symptoms are…

A 
Pyrexia
Raised HR
Nausea/vomiting
Raised WCC/CRP
*If CRP +100, not good*
29
Q

Complications of acute appendicitis is…

A

Possible perforation leading to peritonitis/abscess formation

30
Q

Septic arthritis symptoms are…

A

Pyrexia
Raised HR
Raised WCC/CRP

31
Q

Possible causes of septic arthritis?

A 
Prosthetic joint
Recent surgery/trauma to knee
Age
RA
Immunodeficiency
32
Q

Treatment of septic arthritis?

A

IV abx
Joint aspirate
Sepsis 6

33
Q

In a minor injury such as a sprained ankle, is the inflam response of any use?

A

No

34
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis is…

A

Chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition

35
Q

During rheumatoid arthritis macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma attempt to remove foreign agents which causes…

A

Health tissue damage

36
Q

Treatments of RA?

A

Steroids
DMARDs
Biologics

37
Q

Name a disorder where initially, it is acute inflam but leads to chronic inflam…

A

Peptic ulcers

38
Q

Treatment of peptic ulcers?

A

PPI’s
Abx
Histamine receptor agonist

Pathology (m) (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions