Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CV Quiz > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

somatic nerve basics

A

1 neuron

Ach to effector neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

parasympathetic basics

A

2 neurons

first is longer

Ach at ganglion and effector organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sympathetic neuron basics

A

2 neurons - Ach between NE at effector organ

neurons same length

adrenal medulla - 1 short neurone and NE and others to organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

symathetic origin and ganglia

A

origin: thoracolumbar
ganglia: close to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

parasympathetic origin and ganglia

A

craniosacral

gang: close to effector neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

autonomic eyes

A

p: constricts
s: dilates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

autonomic tears

A

p: stim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

salivary flow autonomic

A

p: stim
s: inhib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

heart autonomic

A

p: slows
s: speeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

arterioles autonomic

A

p: dilate
s: consrict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bronchi autonomic

A

p: constrict
s: dilate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bladder autonomic

A

p: consticts
s: relaxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gut autonomic

A

p: digestion and mobilitiy
s: inhibits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

parasympathetic innervation of the heart

A

right vagus - SA node

left vagus - AV node

vagal efferents - atrial muscle

NO VENTRICLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

synathetic innervation of the heart

A

sympathetic efferents - SA, AV, atrium, ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

division of the autonomic nervus system

A

cholinergic: nicotinic and muscarinic (sensitive to Ach)
adrenergic: alpha and beta (sensitive to adrenline - epi and NE)

not the same as sym/para

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vagus nerve espieriment

A

2 hearts: one w vagus nerve stim, one without

both hearts in saline

stimulated vagus nerve for 1 - HR slowed

removed saline from heart 1 nd applied to 2

2 slowed

later proven to be Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which neurons are cholinergic?

A
  1. all pre-ganglionic neurons
  2. all parasympathetic post-ganglionic
  3. sympathetic poast-ganglionic that innervate sweat glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

divisions of chonlinergic receptors?

A

nicotinic

muscarinic

20
Q

where are nicotonic receptors?

A

cholinergic!

skeletal muscle end plate

all auntnomic ganglia

adrenal medulla

21
Q

curare

A

antagonist for nicotinic receptors

22
Q

what will happen if block nicotinic receptors?

A

inhibit both sympathetic and parasympatehttic tone

need to know what tone is dominiant to know clinical effect

i. e. vascular SM has only sympathetic innervation! if there is an agonist, there will be vasoconstriction, antagonist - vasodilation
i. e. male sexual response is sym and para sym so blockers affect ejaculation and erection

23
Q

nicotonic receptor mechanosim

A

Na/K ion channel (NOT G-protien)

24
Q

where are muscarinic receptors

A

cholinergic!

all parasympathetic effector organs (heart, gi, bronchioles, bladder)

some sympathteic (sweat glands)

25
Q

types of muscarinic receptors

A

M1 - ganglia

M2 - heart

M3 - glands, sm

26
Q

mechanism of muscarinic receptors

A

similar to alpha 1 - PLC

27
Q

muscarinic receptors in the SA node

A

when stim by Ach lead to GPCR activation nd lead to opening of K channels which slows rate of depolarization (slower heart rate)

28
Q

M1

A

ganglia

29
Q

M2

A

heart

30
Q

M3

A

glands

31
Q

non-selective cholinergic blocker for muscarinic

A

i.e. atropine

blocks MUSCARINIC receptor in target tissue

blocks all parasympathetic tone!

leads to sympathetic side effects (fast HR< dry mounth, pupil dilation)

32
Q

types of adreneric receptor

A

aplha and beta

33
Q

alpha agonist

A

adrenergic!

in general, mediate smooth muscle contraction

34
Q

alpha 1 receptors

A

vascular smooth muscle

NO cAMP

agonist –> PLC (via GPCR) –> IP3 –> increased Ca

i.e. pubil dilation and smooth muscle contraction

35
Q

alpha-2 receptors

A

less common than alpha 1 (adrenergic)

mostly presyn-terminals, platelets, walls of GI

DECREASE cAMP (i.e. GI relaxation

36
Q

beta agonist

A

adrenergic

in general - mediate decreased smooth muscle contraction (bronchodilation, vasodilation, uterine relaxation)

BUT in heart - stimulation causes increased HR, strength of contractions

37
Q

beta-1 receptor

A

adrenergic

high numbers in heart (SA, AV, ventricle), salivary glands, adipose

increase in cAMP (through G protein)

agonist in heart - increaset HR, contractility

agnoist in kidney - increase renin secretion (increase BP)

38
Q

beta-2 receptor

A

in vascular smooth muscle of skeletal muscle, GI, bladder, bronchioles

increase in cAMP - GPCR

agonist –> SM dilation (bronchodilation in asthma)

39
Q

beta 3 receptor

A

found in fat

reg lipolysis and thermogenesis

40
Q

beta and alpha 2 receptors

A

same mechanism BUT beta increases cAMP to have effect and alpha-2 decreases cAMP to have effect

41
Q

affects of cAMP in myocytes and blood vessels

A

myocyte - cAMP increases contraction via stim of PKA (beta1)

blood vessels - cAMP decreases contraction by inhibition of MLCK (beta-2)

downstream affect of cAMP is different

42
Q

if a patient has used cocaine that stim both alpha and beta, a beta blocker can’t be used, why?

A

leads to unopposed alpha agonism and severe hypertension

43
Q

dopamine

A

precursor to NE - mkes a lot of diff things from tyrosine

diff effects at diff concentrations

44
Q

pupil innervation

A

radial muscle: alpha1 - sympathetic tone dilates pupils

circular sphintor - muscarinic - parasypathetic contracts pupil (near vision)

ciliary muscle -

beta - sym tone dilates (far vision)

M receptors - para sym contracts (near vision)

45
Q

SA node innervation

A

B1 + M receptors

increase sym tone - increase HR
decrease sym tone - decrease HR

if decrease BP - stim B1/inhib M - tachycardia - compensates for the loss of stroke volume

46
Q

bladder autonomic innervation

A

filling - sympathetic - relax detrusor and contract internal sphincter

empty - parasympathetic - contract detrusor and relax internal sphincter

47
Q
A

CV Quiz (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions