Lecture 1

Question 1

The three domain system, based on comparison of ribosomal RNA genes, divides microorganisms into

Answer 1

• Bacteria (true bacteria)
• Archaea
• Eukarya (eukaryotes)

Question 2

The origin of mitochondria goes from _____ to _____ to ____

Answer 2

mitochondria bacteria—> archaea ——> eukaryotes

Question 3

Mitochondria degenerates in the formation of what eukaryote

Answer 3

Giardia

Question 4

The origin of Chloroplasts goes from ____ to ____ to ____

Answer 4

bacteria—> Archaea—-> eukarya (note this is after giardia split off the phylogenic tree)

Question 5

types of microorganisms

Answer 5

• bacteria
• Archaea
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Algae
• Viruses
• Multicellular animal parasites

Question 6

what is the symbol of the medical profession

Answer 6

Rod of Asclepius

Question 7

_____ established the system of scientific nomenclature

Answer 7

Linnaeus

Question 8

Each organism has two names: the ___ and _____

Answer 8

genus and specific epithet

Question 9

Scientific names are ____ or ____

Answer 9

italicized or underlined

Question 10

the genus should be _____; the specific epithet is ____

Answer 10

capitalized, lowercase

Question 11

Are scientific names latinized

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

Scientific names may be descriptive or honor

Answer 12

a scientist

Question 13

The name Escherichia coli honors and describes the bacterium’s habitat which is ____

Answer 13

the discoverer, Theodor Escherich, the large intestine, or colon

Question 14

Staphylococcus aureus name

Answer 14

• describes the clustered (staphylo-) spherical (cocci) cells
• describes the gold-colored (aureus) colonies

Question 15

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 15

Source of Genus- Honors Edwin Klebs

Source of Specific Epithet- The disease

Question 16

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Pfiesteria piscidcida

Answer 16

Source of Genus- Honors Lois Pfiester

Source of Specific Epithet- Disease in fish

Question 17

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Salmonella typhimurium

Answer 17

Source of Genus- Honors Daniel Salmon

Source of Specific Epithet- Stupor (typh-) in mice (muri-)

Question 18

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 18

Source of Genus- Chains of cells (strepto-)

Source of Specific Epithet- Forms pus (pyo-)

Question 19

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Penicillium chrysogenum

Answer 19

Source of Genus- Tuftlike (penicill-)

Source of Specific Epithet- Produces a yellow (chryso-) pigment

Question 20

source of genus name and source of specific epithet Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 20

Source of Genus- Corkscrew-like (trypano- , borer; soma-, body)

Source of Specific Epithet- Honors Oswaldo Cruz

Question 21

After the first use, scientific names may be abbreviated with the _____ of the ____ and the specific epithet

Answer 21

first letter of the genus and the special epithet

Question 22

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is found on

Answer 22

the skin