Lecture 2 Flashcards
What are the ecological perspectives?
- Bronfenbrenner’s
2. Kelly’s ecological analogy
What are the components of Kelly’s ecological analogy?
- Adaptation
- Succession
- Cycling of resources
- Interdependence
- Person-Environment Fit
What is adaptation? (Kelly’s analogy)
Involved ability to cope with the environment. E.g., The individual has to change when introduced to a new organization.
What is succession? (Kelly’s analogy)
Incorporates a time perspective wherein the environment, as well as those in it, change. E.g., you can’t just implement a new system and hope everyone accepts it. You need to see how change has affected in the past- or how it hasn’t work. Lay down the ground work first.
What is cycling of resources? (Kelly’s analogy)
Requires the community to make choices. E.g., find people who have the skills that fit the appropriate roles.
What is interdependence? (Kelly’s analogy)
Means that various elements of any ecosystem influence each other. E.g., students, teachers, faculty, staff, tax payers, parents, etc. Making a change in one area of the school system- you need to think about all other aspects.
What is person-environment fit? (Kelly’s analogy)
Addresses the match between the person and the environment - physical and psychological fit. E.g., would a tall man be able to function in a 5ft ceiling basement apartment?
Prevention (rather than treatment) conceptualizations include…?
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
What is the primary prevention conceptualization?
Prevent a problem from occurring altogether. Must be mass- or group-oriented. Must occur before the maladjustment. Must be intentional- having a primary focus on strengthening adjustment of those not yet affected.
What is the secondary prevention conceptualization?
Treat a problem at the earliest possible moment before it becomes a problem. E.g., if your parent is a drug user, education towards the child can help prevent them from following.
What is tertiary prevention conceptualization?
Reduce the severity of an established problem. Many argue that it’s not really a form of prevent, but management.
What is the IOM classification system for prevention?
- Universal
- Selective
- Indicated
What is the universal classification for prevention?
Programs which address the general public.
What is the selective classification for prevention?
Programs aimed at populations at risk for future problems.
What is the indicated classifications for prevention?
Programs designed for those beginning to show symptoms of a problem (not considered prevention).