8. Scottish Emigration Flashcards
Agricultural Revolution
Push: machines from the agricultural revolution were replacing agricultural farmers
Efficiency
Push: bigger farms bough all of the farming land as it was seen as more efficient
Starvation
Push: people were starving as a result of localised famine caused by dramatic population growth
Highland Clearances
Push: landlords started to replace crofters and their families with sheep as it allowed them to make more money
Kelp and Herring
Push: the failure of the kelp and herring industry allowed bigger businesses to take over
Sub-division
Push: the sub-division of crofts meant farming land was getting smaller and crofters could no longer produce enough for their families
Better Employment
Pull: jobs in the cities were higher paying with better hours. The new factories started offering jobs
Agencies
Pull: emigration agencies were attracting Scots to their countries
Free Land
Pull: countries like Canada were desperate for Scottish immigrants so they offered their land for free
Gold
Pull: emigrants moved to San Francisco in 1849 and Australia in 1851 due to the gold rush
Transport Revolution
Pull: steam ships were quicker and easier to travel on and cheap cattle class tickets were available
Industrialisation
Push: the industrialisation of the city led to a decline in cottage industries like hand loom weaver
