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Math 6 > Unit 7 > Flashcards

Unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q

A way to organize data values into categories or groups.

A

Frequency table

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2
Q

The ______________ of a data value is the number of times it occurs.

A

frequency

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3
Q

By including a ______________ column in your frequency table, you can keep a running total of the number of data items.

A

cumulative frequency

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4
Q

The word ______________ comes from the Latin word medius, meaning “middle.”

A

median

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5
Q

What is the median value in a set of data?

A

The value in the middle, when the data is ordered from least to greatest

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6
Q

______________ can mean “to spread out” or “to occur at random.”

A

Scatter

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7
Q

What might the data points on a scatter plot look like?

A

The data points could be all over, or “scattered” about.

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8
Q

______________ is a measure of how often an event occurs or the number of like objects that are in a group.

A

Frequency

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9
Q

What do you think a frequency table might show?

A

How often a specific thing occurs or how many of each object there are in a data set.

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10
Q

A ______________ uses the digits of each number to organize and display a set of data.

A

stem-and-leaf plot

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11
Q

On a stem-and-leaf plot, each ______________ on the plot represents the right-hand digit in a data value, and each ______________ represents the remaining left-hand digits.

A

leaf; stem

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12
Q

True or False: Each leaf in a stem-and-leaf plot must be one digit and only one digit.

A

True

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13
Q

Similar to a stem-and-leaf plot, a ______________ can be used to show how many times each data value occurs.

A

line plot

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14
Q

______________ use a number line and X’s to show frequency.

A

Line plots

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15
Q

True or False: By looking at a line plot, you can quickly see the distribution, or spread, of the data.

A

True

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16
Q

The ______________ is the sum of the data values divided by the number of data items.

A

mean

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17
Q

Data set: 2, 1, 8, 0, 2, 4, 3, 4
2 + 1 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 4 + 3 + 4 = 24
24 / 8 = 3
The ______________ is 3.

A

mean

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18
Q

The ______________ is the middle value of an odd number of data items arranged in order.

A

median

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19
Q

For an even number of data items, the ______________ is the mean (average) of the two middle values.

A

median

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20
Q

Data set: 2, 1, 8, 0, 2, 4, 3, 4
0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 8
(2 + 3) / 2 = 2.5
The ______________ is 2.5.

A

median

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21
Q

The ______________ is the value or values that occur most often.

A

mode

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22
Q

True or False: When all the data values in a set occur the same number of times, there is a mode.

A

False. When all the data values in a set occur the same number of times, there is NO mode.

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23
Q

Data set: 2, 1, 8, 0, 2, 4, 3, 4
0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 8
The ______________ are 2 and 4.

A

modes

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24
Q

The ______________ of a set of data is the difference between the greatest and least values.

A

range

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25
Q

Data set: 2, 1, 8, 0, 2, 4, 3, 4
8 - 0 = 8
The ______________ is 8.

A

range

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26
Q

An extreme value in a data set that is either much greater or much less than the other values is called an ______________.

A

outlier

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27
Q

In the data set {0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 7, 7, 14, 14} the outlier is ______________.

A

14

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28
Q

In the data set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} the median is ______________.

A

3

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29
Q

In the data set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} the mode is ______________.

A

There is no mode.

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30
Q

True or False: A bar graph can be used to display and compare data.

A

True

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31
Q

The scale of a bar graph should include all the data values and be easily divided into (equal / unequal) intervals.

A

equal

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32
Q

You can use a ______________ to compare two related sets of data.

A

double-bar graph

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33
Q

A ______________ is a bar graph that shows the frequency of data within equal intervals.

A

historgram

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34
Q

True or False: There is space between the bars in a histogram.

A

False. There is NO space between the bars in a histogram.

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35
Q

A ______________, also called a pie chart, shows how a set of data is divided into parts.

A

circle graph

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36
Q

The entire circle in a circle graph contains 100% of the data. Each ______________, or slice, of the circle represents one part of the entire data set.

A

sector

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37
Q

A pie chart is also called a ______________.

A

circle graph

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38
Q

Each slice of a pie chart is also called a ______________.

A

sector

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39
Q

True or False: A box-and-whisker plot uses a number line to show the distribution of a set of data.

A

True

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40
Q

To make a ______________, first divide the data into four parts using quartiles. The median, or middle quartile, divides the data into a lower half and an upper half. The median of the lower half is the ______________ quartile, and the median of the upper half is the ______________ quartile.

A

box-and-whisker plot; lower; upper

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41
Q

In a box-and-whisker plot, the median of the lower half is the ______________.

A

lower quartile

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42
Q

In a box-and-whisker plot, the median of the upper half is the ______________.

A

upper quartile

43
Q

The ______________ of a data set is the difference between the lower and upper quartiles.

A

interquartile range

44
Q

In a ______________, line segments are used to connect data points on a coordinate grid.

A

line graph

45
Q

True or False: A line graph shows a visual record of change.

A

True

46
Q

True or False: You can use a line graph to estimate values between data points.

A

True

47
Q

A ______________ shows change over time for two sets of data.

A

double-line graph

48
Q

When information is gathered about a group, such as all the elk in North America, the entire group is called the ______________.

A

population

49
Q

Because testing each member of a large group can be difficult or impossible, researchers often study a part of the population, called a ______________.

A

sample

50
Q

For a ______________, members of the population are chosen at random.

A

random sample

51
Q

A ______________ sample is more likely to be representative of a population than a ______________ sample is.

A

random; convenience

52
Q

In a ______________, every member of the population is given an equal chance of being chosen.

A

random sample

53
Q

A ______________ is based on members of the population that are readily available, such as 10 classmates in your current class if the population is the entire school.

A

convenience sample

54
Q

A ______________ does not fairly represent the population.

A

biased sample

55
Q

The first 50 people exiting a movie are surveyed to find out what type of movie people in the town like to see. Is this a biased sample?

A

Yes, the sample is biased. It is likely that not everyone in the town likes to see the same type of movie that those 50 people just saw.

56
Q

A librarian randomly chooses 100 books from the library’s database to calculate the average length of a library book. Is this a biased sample?

A

No, the sample is not biased. It is a random sample.

57
Q

A ______________ has two number lines, called axes - one for each set of data values. Each point on it represents a pair of data values.

A

scatter plot

58
Q

Two sets of data, such as the length and the weight of dinosaurs, may be related. To find out, you can make a ______________ of the data values in each set.

A

scatter plot

59
Q

In a ______________, the points may appear to be scattered or may cluster in the shape of a line or a curve.

A

scatter plot

60
Q

A ______________ is the description of the relationship between two data steps.

A

correlation

61
Q

There are three types of ______________ that can describe data displayed in a scatter plot.

A

correlations

62
Q

When the values in both data sets increase at the same time, it is called a ______________.

A

positive correlation

63
Q

When the values in one data set increase as the values in the other set decrease, it is called a ______________.

A

negative correlation

64
Q

When the values in both data sets show no pattern, there is ______________.

A

no correlation

65
Q

What type of correlation is this?

|              *   *
|          ** *
|       *
|  * *
|\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

positive correlation

66
Q

What type of correlation is this?

|    *   *
|        ** *
|               *
|                 * *
|\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

negative correlation

67
Q

What type of correlation is this?

|   * *          *   *
|   *       ** *
|       * *    *   *
|  * *       * **  *
|\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

no correlation

68
Q

A ______________ is a straight line that comes closest to the points on a scatter plot.

A

line of best fit

69
Q

When gathering information about a(n) ______________, researchers often study part of the group, called a(n) ______________.

A

population; sample

70
Q

The sum of the data values divided by the number of data items is called the ______________ of the data.

A

mean

71
Q

A graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to display data.

A

bar graph

72
Q

A sample that does not fairly represent the population.

A

biased sample

73
Q

A graph shows how data are distributed by using the median, quartiles, least value, and greatest value; also called a box plot.

A

box-and-whisker plot

74
Q

A graph that uses sectors of a circle to compare parts to the whole and parts to other parts.

A

circle graph

75
Q

A sample based on members of the population that are readily available.

A

convenience sample

76
Q

The description of the relationship between two data sets.

A

correlation

77
Q

The frequency of all data values that are less than or equal to a given value.

A

cumulative frequency

78
Q

A bar graph that compares two related sets of data.

A

double-bar graph

79
Q

A line graph that shows how two related sets of data change over time.

A

double-line graph

80
Q

The median of the lower half of a set of data; also called first quartile.

A

lower quartile

81
Q

The number of times the value appears in the data set.

A

frequency

82
Q

A table that lists items together according to the number of times, or frequency, that the items occur.

A

frequency table

83
Q

A bar graph that shows the frequency of data within equal intervals.

A

histogram

84
Q

The difference between the upper and lower quartiles in a box-and-whisker plot.

A

interquartile range

85
Q

A graph that uses line segments to show how data changes.

A

line graph

86
Q

A straight line that comes closest to the points on a scatter plot.

A

line of best fit

87
Q

A number line with marks or dots that show frequency.

A

line plot

88
Q

The sum of the items in a set of data divided by the number of items in the set; also called average.

A

mean

89
Q

The middle number, or the mean (average) of the two middle numbers, in an ordered set of data.

A

median

90
Q

The number or numbers that occur most frequently in a set of data; when all numbers occur with the same frequency; we say there is no _______.

A

mode

91
Q

When one set of data values increases while the other decreases.

A

negative correlation

92
Q

When there is no relationship between the data values of two data sets.

A

no correlation

93
Q

A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set.

A

outlier

94
Q

The entire group of objects or individuals considered for a survey.

A

population

95
Q

When the data values of two data sets both increase or both decrease together.

A

positive correlation

96
Q

Three values, one of which is the median, that divide a data set into fourths.

A

quartile

97
Q

A sample in which each individual or object in the entire population has an equal chance of being selected.

A

random sample

98
Q

The difference between the greatest and least values in a data set.

A

range

99
Q

A part of a population.

A

sample

100
Q

A graph with points plotted to show a possible relationship between two sets of data.

A

scatter plot

101
Q

A section of a circle graph representing part of the data set.

A

sector

102
Q

A graph used to organize and display data so that the frequencies can be compared.

A

stem-and-leaf plot

103
Q

The median of the upper half of a set of data; also called the third quartile.

A

upper quartile

Math 6 (2 decks)

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