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Psychology > Test 1/21 > Flashcards

Test 1/21 Flashcards

1
Q

What is adolescence?

A

the period of development between childhood and adulthood

  • starts at 11 or 12 over by 18 or 19
  • divided into 3 smaller groups
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2
Q

3 groups of adolescents

A
  1. Early Adol. (ages 11 to 14)
  2. Middle Adol. (ages 14 to 16)
  3. Late Adol. (ages 16 to 19)
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3
Q

Puberty

A

time of sexual maturation

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4
Q

Hormones

A

chemicals that control body growth, emotional responses, and physical changes, and responsible for sexual maturation

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5
Q

Adrenal Glands

A

produces adrenaline, secretes the stimulation hormone

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6
Q

Gonads Glands

A

Sex glands

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7
Q

Pituitary Glands

A

secretes the growth hormone

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8
Q

Changes (M VS F)

A 
M:
-noticeable voice changes
-dev of facial hair/thicker body hair
F:
-breast dev
-start of menstruation
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9
Q

Other effects of hormones

A

-acne
-increased perspiration
(can cause embarrassment for young adults)

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10
Q

Growth spurts

A

a rapid increase in growth during puberty (can earlier w females)

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11
Q

Early Maturer

A

someone who’s physical development is one and one half years or more ahead of average dev

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12
Q

Late Maturer

A

someone whose physical dev is one and one half years more behind average dev

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13
Q

Effects of early boy maturers

A

-high self esteem

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14
Q

Effects of late boy maturers

A

-low self esteem

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15
Q

Effects of early girls maturers

A

-low self esteem

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16
Q

Effects of late girl maturers

A

-high self esteem

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17
Q

Crowds

A

large groups w/ loose rules and changeable membership

-shared interests/dress style

18
Q

Pros of cliques

A
  • someone has your back

- sense of stability

19
Q

Cons of cliques

A
  • no new friends

- Queenbee

20
Q

Cliques

A

very tight group w/ limited membership and strict rules

21
Q

Gangs

A

rebellious, antisocial group w strict rules; not connected w accepted school or social organizations

22
Q

Early Ad. vs Late Ad.

A
  • need to conform to a group is strongest in early

- need to conform to a group declines as teenager continues through ad.

23
Q

Eating disorders

A

conditions in which a person cannot read the boys nutritional signals and eats or refuses to eat for the wrong reasons

24
Q

Anorexia

A

Preoccupation w dieting and thinness leading to excessive weight loss

25
Q

Bulimia

A

Compulsive overeating w purging

26
Q

Pica

A

eating non nutritional objects

27
Q

Physical dangers of anorexia

A
  • irregular heartbeat
  • lack of menstrual period
  • dehydration. kidney stones/kidney fails
  • lanugo/fine body hair that develops to keep body hair warm
  • muscle atrophy
  • bowel irratation/constipation
  • osteoporosis as result of calcium loss
28
Q

Warning signs of anorexia

A
  • significant weight loss
  • distorted body image
  • fear of weight gain
  • exercise alone
29
Q

Warning signs of Bulimia

A
  • types of cancer
  • diabetes
  • gall bladder disease
  • heart disease/high blood pressure
  • high cholesterol
30
Q

Treatment for eating disorders

A
  • hospitalization
  • medication
  • dental work
  • counseling
31
Q

Erik Erikson

A

believed there was psychosocial crisis during each stage

32
Q

james marcia

A
  1. identity foreclosure
  2. diffusion
  3. moratorium
  4. achievement
33
Q

eriksons stages of psychosocial dev

A
  1. trust vs mistrust (birth to 1)
  2. autonomy vs shame/doubt (1 to 2)
  3. Initiative vs guilt (3 to 5)
  4. industry vs inferiority (6 to puberty)
  5. identity vs role confusion (ad)
  6. intimacy vs isolation (early adulthood)
  7. generativity vs stagnation (mid adh)
  8. integrity vs despair (elder)
34
Q

james marcia foreclosure

A

definite commitment, no searching

35
Q

james marcia negative identity

A

identity that results from bad self image

36
Q

james marcia diffusion

A

uncertainty about self

no commitment, no searching

37
Q

james marcia moratorium

A

delay in decision making/commitment

no comm, but searching

38
Q

james marcia achievement

A

good image of self

-firm comm, experiences soul searching

39
Q

rite of passage

A

society recognizes that adulthood is reached

40
Q

juvenile delinquency

A

repeated violations of the law by those aged 17

& younger

41
Q

ways to communicate

A
  • good timing
  • be direct
  • no blame game
  • no bringing up history

Psychology (9 decks)

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