T3-Allergy Medications: Antihistamines-MJ

Question 1

What are 5 histamine effects?

Answer 1

Runny nose, sneezing
Watery, itchy eyes
Rash, itching
Vasodilation (decreased BP)
Bronchospasm

Question 2

What are the two main groups of allergy meds?

Answer 2

First and second generation

Question 3

Are first generation lipid soluble?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

What are 2 characteristics of first generations?

Answer 4

Greater anticholinergic effect

Easily penetrate the BBB

Question 5

What are three common first generations?

Answer 5

Diphenhydramine
Promethazine
Hydroxyzine

Question 6

Which of the first generation can be given IV?

Answer 6

Diphenhydramine

Works fast, 100% absorption if given IV; given for anaphalytic shock

Question 7

What firs generation is NOT SAFE for children under the age of 2? Why?

Answer 7

Promethazine; can cause very high respiratory depression

Good for motion sickness, NV though..just not in kids under age 2

Question 8

What are the 4 common second generations?

Answer 8

Cetirizine
Loratidine
Desloratidine
Fexofenadine

Question 9

Do second generations cross BBB well?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Second generations have very little ____ effects and have a much longer ____

Answer 10

little sedation

much longer half-life

Question 11

With second generations, do they have high or low side-effects?

Do they have anti-cholinergic effects?

Answer 11

Low side-effects

Don’t have anti-cholinergic effects

Question 12

Of the second generations, which drug has some sedation?

Answer 12

Cetirizine

Question 13

Of the second generations, which two drugs are basically the same? What is the difference?

Answer 13

Loratidine and desoratidine

Desoratidine is a prescription drug and therefore more expensive. They both produce the same effect

Question 14

How often do we have to give a first generation?

Answer 14

q 4-6

Question 15

How often do we give a second generation?

Answer 15

q day

Question 16

First or second generation: certirizine

Answer 16

Second

*has some sedative effects unlike other second generations

Question 17

First or second generation: promethazine

Answer 17

First

*good for N/V, motion sickness; not good for kids under 2 though (respiration depression)!!!!

Question 18

First or second generation: diphenhydramine

Answer 18

first

Question 19

First or second generation: fexofenadine

Answer 19

second

Question 20

First or second generation: loratidine

Answer 20

second

Question 21

First or second generation: hydroxyzine

Answer 21

first

*good for sleep and itching relief

Question 22

First or second generation: desloratidine

Answer 22

second

*more expensive than loratidine even though they are the same drug