Lecture 3

Question 1

Migration/recruitment

Answer 1

Process of leukocyte movement from blood to tissues

Question 2

Recirculation

Answer 2

Ability of lymphocytes to home to secondary lymphoid organs, reside there transiently, and return to blood

Question 3

Leukocyte homing

Answer 3

Migration out of the blood into peripheral tissues or to infection/injury site

Question 4

Inflammation

Answer 4

recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins from blood to sites of infection/injury; triggered by recognition of microbes and dead tissues

Question 5

Tethering

Answer 5

Occurs through transient interactions of selectins and integrin with ligands

Question 6

Rolling

Answer 6

Allows chemokine receptors on leukocytes to bind chemokines expressed on endothelium

Question 7

Adhesion to endothelium

Answer 7

Triggered by integrins on leukocytes which interact with ligands on endothelium

Question 8

Transmigration

Answer 8

Leukocyte goes into extravascular space and migrates down chemokine gradients toward specific areas

Question 9

When do endothelial cells express adhesion molecules?

Answer 9

When activated by cytokines at the site of infection/injury

Question 10

P-selectin (CD62P)

Answer 10

Endothelium activated by histamine or thrombin

Question 11

E-selectin (CD62E)

Answer 11

Endothelium activated by cytokines (TNF, IL-1)

Question 12

L-selectin (CD62L)

Answer 12

Neutrophils, monocytes, T cells, B cells

Question 13

When is E-selectin synthesized and expressed on endothelial cell?

Answer 13

Within 1-2 hours of stimulation by IL-1, TNF

Question 14

What selectin is important for naive T and B lymphocytes homing to lymph nodes?

Answer 14

L-selectin

Question 15

LFA-1 integrin

Answer 15

In neutrophils, monocytes, T cells, B cells and binds to ligands ICAM-1 and ICAM-2

Question 16

Mac-1 integrin

Answer 16

In neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells and binds to ligands ICAM-2, ICAM-2

Question 17

VLA-4 integrin

Answer 17

In monocytes, T cells, binds to ligand VCAM-1

Question 18

Alpha-4-Beta-7 integrin

Answer 18

In monocytes, T cells, B cells, binds to VCAM-1, MadCAM-1

Question 19

Integrins

Answer 19

Mediate adhesion of cells to other cells or ECM via specific ligands and increase affinity of intracellular signals

Question 20

Integrin activation

Answer 20

Mediated by chemokine-induced conformational change in extracellular domains of integrins that lead to increased affinity

Question 21

CCL2 chemokine

Answer 21

Original name: MCP-1

Function: Mixed leukocyte recruitment (monocytes)

Question 22

CCL19 chemokine

Answer 22

Original name: MIP-3B

Function: T cell and DC migration into parafollicular zones of lymph nodes

Question 23

CCL21 chemokine

Answer 23

Original name: SLC

Function: T cell and DC migration into parafollicular zones of lymph nodes

Question 24

CXCL8 chemokine

Answer 24

Original name: IL-8

Function: Neutrophil recruitment

Question 25

CXCL10 chemokine

Answer 25

Original name: IP-10

Function: Effector T cell recruitment

Question 26

CXCL12 chemokine

Answer 26

Original name: SDF-1AB

Function: homing naive B cells to lymph nodes

Question 27

CXCL13 chemokine

Answer 27

Original name: BCA-1

Function: B cell migration into follicles; T follicular helper cell migration into follicles

Question 28

What initiates rolling of the leukocytes on endothelium?

Answer 28

Interaction between P-selectin and ligands

Question 29

What chemokine is recognized by receptors on neutrophils?

Answer 29

CXCL8/IL-8

Question 30

What chemokine controls transmigration of monocytes?

Answer 30

CCL2/MCP-1

Question 31

Which chemokines are displayed on the surface of the HEV?

Answer 31

CCL19, CCL21

Question 32

The re-expression of what receptor signals effector T cells to exit the lymph node?

Answer 32

S1PR1

Question 33

What molecule is important for mobilization of effector T cells in sites of infection/inflammation?

Answer 33

CD44

Question 34

Where do B cells mature?

Answer 34

White pulp of the spleen

Question 35

What chemokine promotes movement of B cells into the white pulp?

Answer 35

CXCL13