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EBS > Exam Answers > Flashcards

Exam Answers Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 things are needed in fermentation?

A

Yeast sugar and water

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2
Q

What is the fermented liquid called

A

Mash

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3
Q

how do we separate alcohol and water?

A

Distillation

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4
Q

What is the temperature for distillation?

A

78.3 degrees C

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5
Q

Why was alcohol originally developed?

A

Medicinal purposes

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6
Q

Name two potstilled spirits

A

Whisky and Brandy

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7
Q

What happened in 1831?

A

Aeneas Coffey designed the Column still

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8
Q

What are pot stills normally made from?

A

Copper

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9
Q

Name two types of pot still

A

Alambic Charentasie

Alambic D’Armagnac

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10
Q

Two column distilled spirits?

A

Vodka and light rum

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11
Q

Maximum percentage in a column still?

A

96%

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12
Q

What is another term for alcohol?

A

ABV Alcohol by Volume

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13
Q

What does Vodka mean?

A

Little Water

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14
Q

What does Zizhnennia Voda mean?

A

The water of life

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15
Q

Which two countries have the main historical links to vodka?

A

Poland and Russia

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16
Q

How is Vodka distilled?

A

Column distillation

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17
Q

Who discovered charcoal filtration?

A

Theodore Lowitz

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18
Q

Which brand of vodka dont use charcoal filtration?

A

Absolut

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19
Q

Where was Theodore Lowitz from?

A

Russia

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20
Q

Who appears on all bottles of Absolut?

A

Lars Olsen Smith

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21
Q

What was Absolut known as before it became vodka?

A

Brannvin

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22
Q

Who made Vodka successful in the Western World? (and how?)

A

John Gilbert Martin (Moscow Mule)

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23
Q

What percentage of vodka is made from grain?

A

90%

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24
Q

What are the two categories of vodka?

A

Eastern European and Western World

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25
Q

Two examples of Eastern European Vodka?

A

Belvedere

Smirnoff

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26
Q

Two examples of Western World Vodka?

A

Skyy

Grey Goose

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27
Q

Who first made gin in the 1570s?

A

Prof Sylvius de Bouvre

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28
Q

What two countries can genever only be produced in?

A

belgium and the Netherlands

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29
Q

Who named genever ‘gin’?

A

The british

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30
Q

How much gin was drank in the gin craze?

A

approx 53l per person per year

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31
Q

What does EU law state about the production of gin?

A

Juniper berries must be the predominant ingredient

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32
Q

What are the two main botanicals in hendricks?

A

Cucmber and rose petals

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33
Q

3 methods of making gin

A

Cold compounding
Pot distilling
Flavour extraction

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34
Q

Where does the name rum come from?

A

Rumbullion - righteous old time

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35
Q

What year did columbus discover the carribean and what did he bring with him?

A

1492 - sugar cane

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36
Q

What caused an increase in rum production?

A

reduction in price of sugar as prodcution levels increased

and column distillation reached the carribean in 1848 thanks to the spaniards meaning more rum could be produced

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37
Q

What is the difference between rhum agricole and rhum industrielle?

A 
Agricole = pressed sugar cane
Industrielle = molasses
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38
Q

What is molasses?

A

byproduct of sugarcane production

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39
Q

What was the nickname for the people who smuggled rum into the US in the prohibition?

A

Rum runners

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40
Q

How would you get a more aromatic rum?

A

pot distill it

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41
Q

When was bacardi founded?

A

1862 by Facundo Bacardi

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42
Q

What is the percentage of spirit lost in the aging process known as and how does it differ in different climates?

A

The Angel’s share
- Change in temperature encourages a more drastic expanding and contracting = more spirit lost = 3x faster aging in a carribean climate

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43
Q

How much cachaca is sold per year on the brazillian market?

A

2 billion bottles

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44
Q

What is cachaca

A

made from sugar cane, similar to rhum agricole

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45
Q

Who was drinking the pulque over 3000 years ago?

A

The Olmecs

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46
Q

what does Mescal mean and how does it differ from tequila?

A

Agave heart and tequila is essentially region specific mescal - must be made from agave in a particular region whereas mescal has less laws

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47
Q

What are 3 types of tequila?

A

Blanco (unaged) Reposado (rested) and Anejo (aged)

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48
Q

What was the original name of agave?

A

Maguey

49
Q

What is the scientific name given to the agave used to make tequila?

A

Agave Azul Tequilana Weber

50
Q

What is harvested agave known as?

A

Pina

51
Q

What is the name given to fermented nectar of agave?

A

Pulque

52
Q

How many times is tequila distilled?

A

Twice

53
Q

What was originally used to make pot stills?

A

Clay

54
Q

What is the minimum ABV in liqueuers in EU law?

A

15%

55
Q

How were liqueurs originally made?

A

Herbs in neutral spirits

56
Q

What are the two types of bitters and two examples of each?

A

Aromatic - angostura and Fee Brothers

Sweetened - Fernet Branca, Jagermeister

57
Q

What are arguably the most famous bitters?

A

Angostura (Dr Siegrt’s creation)

58
Q

Where is Drambuie from and what is it sweetened with?

A

Scotland

Honey Heather

59
Q

Name 3 nutty liqueurs

A

Frangelico
Kahlua
Malibu

60
Q

Name 2 emulsion liqueurs

A

Baileys

Amarula

61
Q

What type of liqueur is cointreau?

A

Proprietary

62
Q

Where is Cointreau from and what is it flavoured with?

A

France

Orange zest

63
Q

Name two famous liqueur companies

A

Marie Brizzard

Giffards

64
Q

Where is Campari from?

A

Italy

65
Q

What italian town is Aperol from and what is the main botanical?

A

Padova

Rhubarb

66
Q

Where is liquor 43 from and what is its main flavour?

A

Spain

Vanilla

67
Q

Which liqueuer is believed to have 130 botanicals?

A

Chartreuse

68
Q

D.O.M as in Benedictine, stands for what?

A

Deo Optimo Maximo

69
Q

Where is De Kuyper from? (Town and Country)

A

Scheidan, Holland

70
Q

What flavour is midor?

A

Melon

71
Q

Name 2 herbal liqueurs

A

Chartreuse and Benedictine D.O.M

72
Q

Who was drinking beer 4000 years ago in Mesopetaria?

A

Summerians

73
Q

Malting process in 4 stages

A

Soak grain in water
Germination begins
Dry out grain
Provokes chemical reaction turning starch into sugar

74
Q

What is the difference in the malting process for stout compared to other lagers?

A

They roast some of the grain instead of just drying it which is what gives it its dark colour

75
Q

How would you treat the grain in roasting to achieve the colour you want?

A

Darker colour needs a higher temperature

Lighter colour = lower temperature

76
Q

What container is used to combine the grist and water?

A

Mash tun

77
Q

What is the production process for beer?

A 
Malting
Mashing
Wort Boiling
Wort Separation
Fermentation
78
Q

What temperature does the mashing process need to be at for the barley to dissolve into the water?

A

65 degrees C

79
Q

When are the hops added?

A

During wort boiling

80
Q

How long do top fermented beers take to ferment?

A

4-6 days

81
Q

How long do bottom fermented beers take to ferment?

A

10+

82
Q

Give an example of a bottom fermented beer type

A

Pale lager

83
Q

What city is Porter (beer) affilliated with?

A

London

84
Q

Name 2 pale lagers

A

Bud, Carlsberg, Peroni etc…

85
Q

What does IPA stand for?

A

India Pale Ale

86
Q

What is the best known Stout?

A

Guiness

87
Q

What grain is scotch whisky always made from?

A

Barley

88
Q

What is the most famous single malt?

A

Glenfiddich

89
Q

What is the production process for whiskey?

A

Malting, mashing, fermenting, distillation and aging

90
Q

How much of the flavour of whiskey is said to come from the aging process?

A

70%

91
Q

Which scotch is the only one to be distilled 3 times?

A

Auchentoshan

92
Q

Name the two stills are usd in whiskey distillation when it is distilled twice. (The exam will ask for the second still)

A
  1. wash still

2. Spirit still

93
Q

Name to things about grain whisky that make it different to malt

A
  1. contains a column distilled, neutral, grain spirit

2. Not necessarily maded entirely using barley

94
Q

What is the difference between blended scotch whiskey and other scotch whiskeys?

A

> You can use whiskey from any distillery

> Makes up 90% of the scotch whisky market

> Can contain neutral grain spirit

95
Q

2 things that make single cask whiskey different from other scotch whiskeys?

A

> has to produced in one distillery

> Bottled at cask strength (approx 55%)

96
Q

Name an irish whiskey?

A

Jamesons

97
Q

How many times is irish whiskey distilled?

A

Three times

98
Q

Who first made American whiskey?

A

Scottish and Irish Settlers in america

99
Q

What happend in 1920?

A

the Volstead Act a.k.a. prohibition

100
Q

What is whiskey aged in?

A

fresh, charred american white oak casks

101
Q

Most famous tennessee whiskey?

A

Jack Daniels

102
Q

What is differnent about tenessee whiskey compared to the other styles of american whiskey? And what is the name given to the process?

A

Maple Charcoal filtered

Lincoln county process

103
Q

what is the minimum maturation time for bourbon?

A

2 years

104
Q

Where was rye whiskey originally made and what is the minimum rye content?

A

pennsylvania

51%

105
Q

When does the productiuon of wine date back to?

A

4,000BC

106
Q

Where does the saying ‘no wine, no love’ come from?

A

Ancient greece

107
Q

What are the two names given to someone who makes wine?

A

Vintner

Wine Maker

108
Q

What is the name for the process of making wine?

A

Vinification

109
Q

Name 2 wine producing regions in france?

A

bordeaux and burgundy

110
Q

Where are chianti grapes produced?

A

Toscana

111
Q

What is the number 1 wine region in spain?

A

Rioja

112
Q

Name wine making countries expect italy france and spain

A

Australia, Germany, New Zealand etc

113
Q

2 reasons to decant wine

A
  1. aerate wines

2. remove sedement

114
Q

what fruit is cognac made from?

A

Grapes

115
Q

What was the first cognac producing town?

A

La Rochelle

116
Q

What is the preferred grape type for cognac?

A

Ugni Blanc

117
Q

What destroyed the grape vines, causing the french to use american varietys?

A

Phylloxera plague

118
Q

What is cognac distilled in and how many times?

A

Alambic Charentaise pot stills

twice

119
Q

Name the 6 cognac regions

A 
grand champagne
petite champagne
finns bois
bonns bois
bois a terroir
borderies

EBS (8 decks)

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