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Biology II > Agnatha Quiz > Flashcards

Agnatha Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What does Agnatha mean?

A

no jaw

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2
Q

What traits do all agnatha have?

A 
Chordate traits
Verbrata traits (gill slit  and cranial bones)
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3
Q

Which era did Agnatha live in?

A

Ordovician Era

Era of fish

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4
Q

What phylum are we in?

A

chordata

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5
Q

Wht comes after chordata?

A

Subphylum craniata

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6
Q

What comes after Craniata?

A

Verbrata

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7
Q

What comes after Verbrata?

A

Myxini

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Myxini?

A 
hagfish
nearly blind but smells and touches good
Eats clams and snails but mostly decaying material
Uses its tongue as mouth
uses mucus to slide into a dead fish
lacks verbrata traits
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9
Q

WHat does Myxini mean?

A

slime

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10
Q

What comes after Myxini?

A

Petromyzotida

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of Petromyzotida?

A 
Lamprey
Lots of teeth
As larva it filter feeds 
Then it swims down stream
Then its parasitic
Then swims upstream
Is Vertabrata
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12
Q

What does petromyzotida mean and what was its old name?

A

Stone sucking

Cephalospidomorphia

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13
Q

What group is branched from petromyzotida?

A

Ansipids

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14
Q

What comes after petromyzotida?

A

Osteatroan

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15
Q

What comes after osteatroan?

A

herterostacan

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16
Q

What three groups make up the osteoderms?

A

ansipids
osteotroan
herterostacan

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17
Q

What characterists do osteoderms have?

A

bottom dwellers (benthic)
eat bacterial carpet
extinct

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18
Q

What does osteoderms mean?

A

bone shell skin

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19
Q

What comes after osteotroan?

A

elasmobrachii

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20
Q

What is the other name of for elasmobrachii?

A

plated gills

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21
Q

What characterists make up elastobranchii?

A

sharks, skates, rays
have placoid scales made of denten and enamle
small short intestine with spiral valve that slows down the food for digestied
copes with undigested food
Liver is boyant through oil in the liver
Detects eletric fields in water through ampulae of lovrenzini
Has three types of reproduction
Plated gills
Cartilege Operculum

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22
Q

What are the 3 types of reproduction in elastobranchii?

A

Viviparous: Live birth; live birth through placenta or uterne milk
Ovoviiparous: egg in womb; retain in womb until live birth
Oviparous: egg laying; fertilzed eggs live in yoke sack

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23
Q

What is the branch off of Elasmobrachii?

A

holocephai

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24
Q

What is the common name for holocephai?

A

complete head
rat fish
Is chimarus with operculum (gills that are covered upU and shark traits

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25
Q

What groups are in chondrichthyes?

A

Elasmobranchii

Holocephai

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26
Q

What groups are in Agnatha?

A 
Verbrata
myxini
petromyzotida
ansipids
osteotroan
herterostacan
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27
Q

What does chondrichthyes?

A

cartlige fish

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28
Q

What are the characterists of chondrichthyes?

A

have jaws

gill supported cartilage is modefided for jawas

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29
Q

What is gnathostomeita?

A

jawed mouth

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30
Q

What era did chondrichthyes live and how did this start adaptive radiation for sharks?

A

Devonian Era
Mass extinction
swims freely
adaptive advantage

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31
Q

What two words could be used interchangilbly?

A

Craniata Verbrata

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32
Q

WHat are the four parts of the cranium?

A

Top: neurocranium
Top jaw: palatoquadrate
Side bone: Hymandiibular
Bottom jaw: Meckels

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33
Q

What comes after placoderm?

A

Around earlier thn elasmobranchii

THick large plates

34
Q

What is ossify?

A

to turn boney

35
Q

What groups are in Osteichthyes?

A

Placoderms
Acanthodians
Neopterygii

36
Q

When did boney skeleton start?

A

Placoderms

37
Q

When did Operculum start?

A

Acanthodians

38
Q

What does the operculum and jaw do?

A

Operculum closes for water to go into the mouth

Operculum opens for water to go out and oxygen gets into the blood

39
Q

What are operculums?

A

closes the gill slits

40
Q

What does the extra oxygen and bone need to keep neurtral boyancy?

A

air is gulped into the swim bladder through capilaries and blood to keep boyancy

41
Q

Whhen did Swim Bladder Start?

A

Neopterygii

42
Q

What comes after Acanthodians?

A

Neopterygii

43
Q

Placoids scales?

A

tooth like

old

44
Q

Ganoid scales?

A

Bone like

old

45
Q

3-C Sclaes?

A

Finger Nail like
newer
they are shedable

46
Q

What are the changes in the tail?

A

Diphycercal (eel like)(like one big bone)
Heterocercal (shark) (one side is bigger)
Homocercal: symetrical tail (Christian Fish)

47
Q

How is a heterocercal useful?

A

It makes it go upwards to gather water for sharks

48
Q

What are the 4 subgroups of Neopterygii?

A

Cladista (branch)
Chondrostei
Teleostei
Holostei

49
Q

WHat are the characteristics of Cladista?

A 
have a lung
found only in the Nile River 
Have thick ganjoid scales to t
Has fins that radiate out without overlapping
Can be terestrial
Commonly called bichirs (dragon fish)
50
Q

What are the characteristics of chondrostei?

A

Bone coatesd cartilage

not

51
Q

WHat does Neopterygii mean?

A

new fins

52
Q

What are the characteristics of neopterygii?

A

ALl bones have thin bone shell

53
Q

What groups are classified as gnathostomeita?

A 
Elasmobrancii
Holocephai
Placoderm
Acanthodians
Neopterygii
Cladista 
Chondrostei
Teleostei
Holostei
54
Q

What groups are osteichthyes?

A 
Placoderm
Acanthodians
Neopterygii
Cladista (branch)
Chondrostei
Teleostei
Holostei
55
Q

What characteristics make up placoerms?

A

Large thick boney Exoskeleton plates

Ossified Skeleton

56
Q

What characteristics make up Acanthodians?

A

small thin bony exoskeleton plates

Operculum

57
Q

What does Neopterygii mean?

A

New fins

58
Q

Holostei?

A

COmplete bones

59
Q

What is Actinopterygii?

A

Ray fins

60
Q

Teleostei?

A

?

61
Q

Wht comes after Neopterygii?

A

Actinistia

62
Q

What does Actinistia mean?

A

Coelacanths

63
Q

What branch is in Actinistia?

A

Dipnoi

64
Q

What is a Dipnoi?

A

Lungfish

65
Q

What subgroup is Actinistia in?

A

Fleshy Fins

66
Q

What is the first lung like?

A

A second stomach

67
Q

What is after actinistia?

A

Tetrapods

68
Q

What does tetrapods mean?

A

4 feet

69
Q

What are the characteristics on actinistia?

A

uses oiled filled notochord instead of swim bladder
really cold
3 segmented tail

70
Q

Where can dipnoi live?

A

Land and sea

71
Q

gnatha?

A

jaw

72
Q

Petro?

A

stone

73
Q

Myzontida?

A

sucking

74
Q

Elasmobrchii?

A

platted gill

75
Q

Chondr?

A

Cartilage

76
Q

Neo?

A

New

77
Q

Sarco?

A

Fleshy

78
Q

Pterygii>

A

fins

79
Q

ichthyes?

A

fish

80
Q

Actino?

A

Ray

81
Q

What group is sarcopterygii?

A

Actinistia

Dipnoi

Biology II (15 decks)

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