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Site Planning + Design Flashcards

1
Q

Development term that refers to the geographic region and population from which a facility attracts visitors/customers. (ex. a neighborhood from which the customers of supermarket resides)

A

Catchment Area

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2
Q

Ratio of people to the land, but excludes streets, open spaces and parks (could total as much as 25% of the overall site)

A

Net Density

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3
Q

Ratio of people to land , but includes everything such as streets, open spaces and parks

A

Gross Density

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4
Q

Normal conversation from 3 feet away (in dB)

A

60-65 dB

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5
Q

City traffic from inside a car (in dB)

A

85 dB

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6
Q

Level at which short term exposure can cause permanent damage (in dB)

A

140 dB

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7
Q

Densely packed units are grouped around shared common public space (residential)

A

Clustering Development

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8
Q

Legal term used to describe the cluster concept, and can be used for residential, commercial or industrial developments

A

Planned Unit Development (PUD)

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9
Q

Federally funded programs, these are a type of Planned

Unit Development that involves rehabilitating an existing (often urban) property.

A

Urban Redevelopment/Urban renewal

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10
Q

Slope Calculation

A

g=V/H (100)
g: grade or slope
V: rise/vertical run
H: run/horizontal distance

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11
Q

Angle between the sun and the horizon

A

Azimute

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12
Q

Measure of the reflectivity of a material

A

Albedo

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13
Q

Material’s ability to absorb light

A

Conductivity

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14
Q

Type of trees ideal for providing shade in Summer, but allows the warming sun pass through the branches and warm the building
in the Winter.

A

Deciduous Trees

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15
Q

Type of tree that does not shed their leaves, making them perfect for areas where you want a year-round wind break.

A

Conifer trees (needle leaf evergreens)

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16
Q

Soil Types

A
  • Gravel: drains well, able to bear loads
  • Sand: drains well, good foundation when graded
  • Silt: stable when dry or damp, not wet. Swells when frozen
  • Clay: plastic when wet, stiff when dry. Poor drainage, very expensive
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17
Q

Soil levels

A
  • Level A: Topsoil, essential for growth of plants and takes a long time to develop
  • Level B: Minerals, it lies below the plants’ roots and contain minerals, it can support life.
  • Level C: Weathered and fractured rock with little biological activity
  • Level D: Solid Bedrock
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18
Q

Laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture
content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density

A

Proctor compaction test

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19
Q

A test to determine the absorption rate of the soil for a septic or “leach field.” The
results of this test are needed to properly design the septic system.

A

Percolation test

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20
Q

Location of frost line

A

Top of footings should be at or below the frost line (which avoids damage to the foundation due to moisture changes int he soil throughout the year)

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21
Q

A holding pond or catch basin that prevents excessive storm water runoff on a site from overloading the storm sewer system by temporarily holding the water and releasing it at a controlled rate

A

Retention pond

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22
Q

Construction designed to allow sediment to settle while water drains into the ground

A

Bioswale

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23
Q

A schedule technique that identifies specific individual tasks within a project and their relationship among one another

A

Critical path method

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24
Q

Multilane roads in each direction with parking lanes separated by a planting median or wide planting areas in both sides. Has right of ways 100-130 ft.

A

Boulevard

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25
Q

Building uses that do NOT comply with current zoning regulations but were allowed when the structure was originally built

A

Nonconforming use

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26
Q

A short distance, medium speed road with a right of way of about 80’

A

Avenue

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27
Q

Parking lot areas should not exceed what percentage?

A

5%

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28
Q

When a jurisdiction issues a variance in exchange for a developer’s commitment to provide specific public amenities

A

Incentive zoning

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29
Q

A schedule technique that identifies specific individual tasks within a project and their relationship among one another

A

Critical path method

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30
Q

When wind speeds accelerate due to the narrowing of the area in which they have to pass through and is caused by natural earth formations, vegetation arrangements, and building placement

A

Venturi effect

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31
Q

Building uses that do NOT comply with current zoning regulations but were allowed when the structure was originally built

A

Nonconforming use

32
Q

Roadways should not exceed what slope percentage?

A

10%

33
Q

Consolidation of the soil before construction begins

A

Pre-compression and consolidation

34
Q

Ultimate bearing capacity of the soil divided by a safety factor of 2-4 times

A

Safe bearing capacity

35
Q

Removal of unsuitable soils and replacing with more stable soils

A

Fill

36
Q

Compacting existing soils using equipment such as rollers, tampers, and rammers

A

Compaction

37
Q

Remove excess water and control ground water

A

Drainage methods

38
Q

The process of strengthening the foundation of an existing building or other structure

A

Underpinning

39
Q

Consolidation of the soil before construction begins

A

Pre-compression and consolidation

40
Q

The right for an insurer to pursue a third party that caused an insurance loss to the insured by the means of recovering the amount of the claim paid to the insured for the loss

A

Subrogation

41
Q

Performance-based or goal-oriented criteria to establish review parameters for proposed development projects

A

Performance zoning

42
Q

Intended to provide a reward-based system to encourage development that meets established urban development goals

A

Incentive zoning

43
Q

The minimum height of a guardrail

A

42”

44
Q

The process of strengthening the foundation of an existing building or other structure

A

Underpinning

45
Q

Sudden loss of shearing in soil/ destabilizing of soil

A

Liquefaction

46
Q

The right for an insurer to pursue a third party that caused an insurance loss to the insured by the means of recovering the amount of the claim paid to the insured for the loss

A

Subrogation

47
Q

The ability to use a building for the proposed use, even though the zoning code normally would not allow it

A

Conditional use permit

48
Q

The minimum distance between handrails on a stair

A

48”

49
Q

The minimum height of a guardrail

A

42”

50
Q

What area per car should be used to estimate the required size of a parking lot and related drives?

A

300 SF OR

400 SF per car if estimating for parking spaces, drives, and walkways

51
Q

land measure that is 6 mi on each side

A

Township

52
Q

1 mile square parcel of land containing 640 acres

A

Section

53
Q

A square 24 miles on each side consisting of 16 townships

A

Check

54
Q

When does a change in ramp or a curb ramp need to be used?

A

When the change in level is 1/2” or higher

55
Q

The space between a building and outermost secured perimeter

A

standoff distance

56
Q

1 acre is how many square feet?

A

43,560

57
Q

Walkways should have a maximum gradient of __% and a maximum cross gradient of __%.

A

5, 2

58
Q

The control of moisture that is not under hydrostatic pressure. Used for the protection of slabs and foundation walls below grade that are subject to continuous exposure to moisture

A

Dampproofing

59
Q

A type of dampproofing that is added to concrete to repel water

A

admixtures

60
Q

A type of dampproofing that is an asphalt of coal-tar pitch materials applied to an exterior of a foundation wall

A

Bituminous coatings

61
Q

A type of dampproofing that used portland cement mortar troweled over the surface of foundation walls

A

Cementitious coatings

62
Q

A type of dampproofing that uses built up layers of hot/cold applied asphalt felts

A

Membranes

63
Q

A method used for above grade dampproofing

A

Plastics

64
Q

A type of bulb that contains a gaseous mixture of vaporized mercury and compounds of bromine or iodine, very high white intensity

A

Metal halide

65
Q

A sodium vapor bulb that contains a gaseous mixture of of vaporized sodium, very yellow in color and takes a long time to warm up

A

High Pressure Sodium

66
Q

A type of semi-conductor and is extremely energy efficient, provides the whitest and most full spectrum light

A

LED

67
Q

Bearing capacities of typical soils

A

Well graded gravels and sand: 3,000 PSF-12,000 PSF
Compacted sand and fill: 2,000 PSF-3,000 PSF
Silt/Clay: 1,000- 4,000 PSF
Bedrock: 10,000 PSF

68
Q

Ramp guidelines

A

-Should not be steeper than 1:12 (83%)
-Minimum width of 36”
-Maximum run is 30’, maximum rise is 30”
-Ramp landings shall be minimum 60” in length.
-Walkways should have a maximum gradient of 5
percent (1:20), and maximum cross gradient of 2
percent (1:50)

69
Q

Site Slope Percentages

A

Flat area(good for all activities): less than 4%
moderate: between 4 to 10%
steep-unusable: 10 to 50%
very steep, subject to erosion: +50%

70
Q

Construction slope percentages

A 
Storm drains: 0.3% min
Street surface drainage: .5% min
lawns- 25% max
parking area- 5% max
auto ramps: 8% max
sidewalks and streets/paved driveways: 10% max.
71
Q

Angle of repose

A

Loose wet clay/silt: 30%
Compact dry clay: 100%
Wet sand: 80%
Dry sand: 65%

72
Q

Cul-de-sac

A

400’ max. with 80’ turnaround

73
Q

2 lane highway with 9’0” shoulders

A

between 40’-42’

74
Q

Width of typical surface street

A

11’ to 12’

75
Q

Minimum curb radii @ minor streets

A

12”

76
Q

Minimum curb radii @ major streets

A

50”

77
Q

Length of landscape strips

A

7’ with trees, 4’ with grass and dirt

ARE (6 decks)

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