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Plant Science > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Where are apical meristems found

A

found in roots and shoot tips

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2
Q

What do apical meristems do

A

extend the plants body

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3
Q

What are leaf primordiums

A

future leaves

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4
Q

What are Axillary bud primordium

A

meristematic cells left behind by apical meristem that are inhibited by apical meristem can become “active” and form new apical meristem or flower/shoot.

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5
Q

What is the root caps function

A

to protect the apical meristem while the roots push through the soil

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6
Q

What is the difference between the initial cells and the derivative cells in apical meristem

A

Initials divide in such a way that one of the sister cells remains in the meristem as an initial and the other becomes a new body cell, or derivative.

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7
Q

What is indeterminate growth

A

a plant grows its whole life

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8
Q

What are the three processes of development

A

growth, morphogenesis, differentiation

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9
Q

What are the three groups of tissue systems in a plant

A

ground, vascular, and dermal

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10
Q

What is the difference between simple and complex tissues

A

Simple tissues have one cell type, while complex tissues have more than one cell type.

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11
Q

What tissues are in ground system

A

parenchyma tissue, collenchyma tissue, and sclerenchyma tissue

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12
Q

What is contained in the vascular system

A

xylem and phloem

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13
Q

What is contained in the dermal system

A

epidermis and periderm

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14
Q

What are characteristics of parenchyma cells

A

usually living at maturity, capable of mitosis, secondary walls, photosynthesis, storage, secretion, and transport

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15
Q

Where are totipotent cells located

A

in the parenchyma cells

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16
Q

What are totipotent cells

A

they retain the ability to transform into other cells (similar to stem cells)

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17
Q

Where are transfer cells located

A

in the parenchyma cells

18
Q

What are transfer cells

A

Intense short distance solute transfer (next to phloem, xylem, reproductive and glandular structures…) Found near the vascular system

19
Q

What are some characteristics of collenchyma tissues

A

living at maturity, support young, growing organs, commonly found under epidermis in leaves and around eudicot leaf veins

20
Q

What are some characteristics of sclerenchyma tissue

A

dead at maturity, thick lignified secondary wall, strength and support plant parts, contains sclereids and fibers

21
Q

What happens to the xylem after plant elongation

A

the procambium is destroyed

22
Q

What is the xylem derived from

A

procambium and vascular cambium

23
Q

Where are tracheary elements found

A

xlyem

24
Q

What are principal conducting cells

A

elongated cells with secondary walls, no protoplasts at maturity, and may have pits

25
Q

Where are vessel elements found

A

xylem

26
Q

what are vessel elements

A

main conducting cell in angiosperms, contain perforations, trade-offs with perforations

27
Q

what is differentiation

A

programmed cell death

28
Q

What does the phloem transport

A

transports food, amino acids, lipids, hormones, floral stimulus, proteins, and viruses

29
Q

where are sieve elements located

A

in the phloem

30
Q

where are sieve cells located

A

gymnosperms

31
Q

where are sieve-tuve elements located

A

angiosperms

32
Q

what are sieve elements

A

primary walls, living protoplasts at maturity, callose

33
Q

what are the companion cells connected to in the phloem

A

sieve-tube elements

34
Q

what are the albuminous cells associated with in the phloem

A

sieve cells

35
Q

What is the outermost cell layer of primary plant body

A

epidermis

36
Q

what are the specialized cells in the epidermis

A

guard cells and trichomes

37
Q

what are guard cells

A

they open and close the stomata

38
Q

what are trichomes

A

increased reflection of solar radiation, absorption of water/minerals, protection from herbivory, glandular

39
Q

what is the function of the periderm

A

replaces epidermis in secondary growth

40
Q

what does the periderm comprise of

A

cork, cork cambium, and phelloderm

Plant Science (20 decks)

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