Module 7 Flashcards
Centration
an inability to focus on two dimensions simultaneously
Constructivism
a psychological paradigm that characterizes learning as a process of actively constructing knowledge
Disequilibrium
a discrepancy between one’s existing knowledge and a new experience
Egocentric Speech
an example of egocentrism in which children talk from the perspective of their own interest and experiences without regard for the interest and conversational contributions of the listener
Identity Constancy
understanding that an object remains qualitatively the same even though its appearance changes
Individual Constructivism
a form of constructivism in which individuals construct meaning by themselves from their experiences
Inner Speech
internalized speech for regulating on’e thoughts and actions
Internalization
a developmental process; in Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development; it occurs when an individual progresses from performing cognitive processes with a more capable person socially to performing them independently and mentally; in self-determination theory, it occurs when an individual moves from less self-determined to more self-determined
Intersubjectivity
agreement
Object Permanence
awareness that objects and people continue to exist even when not present
Operations
physical actions performed mentally
Psychological and Cultural Tools
any symbolic system provided by culture, such as signs, language, mnemonics, concepts, activities, or social interactions
Reversibility
ability to manipulate one’s thinking in two directions
Scaffolding
temporary social support provided by an adult or more capable peer for a child to accomplish a task
Scemes
organized patterns of physical actions
