Blistering disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Blistering skin disorder can be divided into

A
  • Immunobullous disease (bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris)
  • blistering skin infections (herpes simplex)
  • other (poryphria cutanea tarda)
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2
Q

Fragility of blisters depends on

A

level of split

  • intra-epidermal split (within epidermis) –> splits easily
  • sub-epidermal split (split between epidermis and dermis) –> less fragile
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3
Q

Common causes of blisters

A
  • impetigo
  • insect bites
  • herpes simplex infection
  • herpes zoster infection
  • acute dermatitis
  • pomphlox
  • burns
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4
Q

Bullous pemphigoid definition

A

Blistering skin condition which usually effects the elderly

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5
Q

Bullous pemphigoid causes

A

Autoantibodies against the epidermis and dermis causing a sub-epidermal split in the skin

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6
Q

Clinical features of bullous pemphigoid

A
  • Tense, fluid filled blisters on an erythematous base
  • Lesions are often itchy
  • May be preceded by a non-specific itchy rash

Usually affects the trunk and limbs

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7
Q

Management of bullous pemphigoid

A

General measures – wound dressing where required, monitor for signs of infection

Topical therapies for localised disease – topical steroids

Oral therapies for widespread disease – steroids, combination of oral tetracycline and nicotinamide, immunosuppressive agents (aziathioprine)

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8
Q

Definition of pemphigus vulgaris

A

A blistering skin disorder which usually affects the middle aged

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9
Q

Cause of pemphigus vulgaris

A

Autoantibodies against antigens within the epidermis causing an intra-epidermal split in the skin

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10
Q

Clinical features of pemphigus vulgaris

A
  • Flaccid, easily ruptured blisters forming erosions and crusts
  • Lesions are often painful

Usually affects the mucosal areas

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11
Q

Management of pemphigus vulgaris

A

General measures – wound dressings, monitor for signs of infection, good oral care

Oral therapies – high dose oral steroids, immunosuppressive agents (methotrexate, aziathioprine, cylocphosphamide)

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