Pathoma Chapter 3: Principles of Neoplasia

Question 1

What does ‘monoclonal’ neoplasm mean?

Answer 1

the neoplastic cells are derived from a single cell

Question 2

What is the normal kappa to lambda light chain ratio?

Answer 2

3:1

Question 3

Is the normal kappa to lambda light chain ratio maintained in hyperplasia?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

How is the kappa to lambda light chain ratio changed in lymphoma?

Answer 4

The ratio increases to 6:1 or is inverted (e.g. app to lambda ratio= 1:3)

Question 5

What is the name of a benign tumor deriving from epithelium? Malignant?

Answer 5

adenoma and adenocarcinoma

papilloma (benign) and papillary carcinoma (malignant)

Question 6

What is the name of a benign tumor deriving from mesenchyme? Malignant?

Answer 6

lipoma and liposacroma

Question 7

What is the name of a benign tumor deriving from lymphocytes? Malignant?

Answer 7

benign- does not exist

malignant- lymphoma/leukemia

Question 8

What is the name of a benign tumor deriving from melanocytes? Malignant?

Answer 8

benign- nevus (mole)

malignant- melanoma

Question 9

What are the most common cancers in the US?

Answer 9

1) breast/prostate
2) lung
3) colorectal

Question 10

T or F. Cancer always begins as a single cell

Answer 10

T. It takes about 30 divisions until clinical symptoms present

Question 11

Exposure to aflatoxins could predispose one to what?

Answer 11

hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 12

What are aflatoxins?

Answer 12

derivative of Aspergillus, which can contaminate rice and grains

Question 13

Exposure to EBV can predispose one to what conditions?

Answer 13

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and CNS lymphoma in AIDS

Question 14

Exposure to HHV-8 can predispose one to what conditions?

Answer 14

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 15

Exposure to HBV and HCV can predispose one to what conditions?

Answer 15

Hepatocellular carcinoma