Infectious Disease

Question 1

Which bacterial organisms causing disease are intracellular?

Answer 1

Chlamydia
Mycoplasma (pneumoniae)
Ureaplasma

Question 2

Which antibiotics act on cell walls?

Answer 2

Be Good
Beta lactams
prevent peptidoglycan crosslinkage:
Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems

Glycopeptides
Inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis
Vancomycin, Teicoplanin

Question 3

Which types of antibiotics act on ribosomes?

Answer 3

And Tickle Molly
30S:
Aminoglycosides (gentamycin)
Tetracycline

50S:
Erythromycin (macrolide), Clindamycin

Question 4

How do fluoroquinolone antibiotics work?

Answer 4

be good and tickle molly for sweets, treats and QUICK rewards

Inhibits supercoiling by DNA

Question 5

Patient with swollen glands and a sore throat is given Amoxicillin and gets a red rash all over their body. What has happened?

Answer 5

EBV + Amoxicillin = drug eruption

Not a penicillin allergy

Question 6

Which antibiotic causes grey staining of teeth?

Answer 6

Tetracyclines

Question 7

What side effect of rifampicin should patients be warned about?

Answer 7

Orange secretions/pee

Question 8

Why do you do an eye test before commencing TB medication?

Answer 8

Ethambutol can cause irreversible optic atrophy and blindness
Isoniazid causes reduced red-green perception

Question 9

Gram negative intracellular diplococci?

Answer 9

Neisseria

Question 10

Alcohol dependency confirmed by medical enquiry requires driving licence revocation for how long?

When would a vocational driving licence not be granted because of alcohol?

Answer 10

Until a one year period of abstinence has been attained.

If in the last 3 years, someone has been alcohol dependent

Question 11

Doctor gets a needle stick, can you take blood from an unconscious patient in ITU to check if they were HIV +ve?

Answer 11

Only if it’s in the patient’s best interests, not for the doctor’s sake

Question 12

Doctor gets a needle stick from an ITU patient who then dies, can you take blood from them to see if they were HIV +ve?

Answer 12

Only if family/next of kin agrees

Question 13

What is excluded as a disability under equalities act?

Answer 13

If the primary problem is alcohol or drug addiction or pyromania

But if you get psoriasis secondary to alcohol addiction it does count

Question 14

What conditions are automatically considered a disability under the equalities act?

Answer 14

MS, cancer, HIV, blindness

Question 15

Alcohol dependency confirmed by medical enquiry requires driving licence revocation for how long?

When would a vocational driving licence not be granted because of alcohol?

Answer 15

Until a one year period of abstinence has been attained.

If in the last 3 years, someone has been alcohol dependent

Question 16

Patient in history had a 1cm red swelling that great to 5cm and became ulcerated with a reddish margin. Likely cause?

Answer 16

Cutaneous Leishmania
(Via sandfly inoculating it with a promastigote)
Lesions heal spontaneously

Question 17

Persistent unremitting fever and pinkish spots on trunk after going to India.
(Fever, headache abdo pain also)

Answer 17

Typhoid

Fever once established won’t go down until treated

Question 18

Visited middle east, now abdo cramps, increased frequency of micturition and episodes of haematuria. 
Urine dip = 
protein ++ 
blood ++
Likely cause + Rx?

Answer 18

Schistozomiasis

Rx: Praziquantel

Question 19

What is the different between typhus and typhoid?

Answer 19

Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhus = unremitting fever, rose spots on trunk, unusual bradycardia with fever

Typhus is caused by rickettsia bacteria = often transmitted via tick bite, mild rash or life threatening meningococcal septicaemia

Question 20

Organism responsible for pityriasis versicolor?

Answer 20

Malassezia furfur (fungal)

Question 21

Tick bite leading to haemorrhagic rash and hepatosplenomegaly. Causative organism?

Answer 21

Rickettsia (typhus)

Question 22

What things make cause a malarial infection to be considered ‘severe’?

Answer 22

Low consciousness, 2+ convulsions in 24 hours

Acidosis, hypoglycaemia