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Pharm II > Dyslipdemia Meds: Statins-MJ > Flashcards

Dyslipdemia Meds: Statins-MJ Flashcards

1
Q

What is dyslipidemia?

A

Abnormally elevated cholesterol or fat in the blood

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2
Q

Is fat dense?

A

No

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3
Q

What is the “good” lipoprotein?

A

HDL

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4
Q

Do we want a high or low level of HDL?

A

High; HDL cleans out and helps prevent atherosclerosis

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5
Q

What causes atherosclerosis?

A

vLDL and LDL

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6
Q

What enzyme do the statins inhibit?

A

Reductase

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7
Q

Since the statins inhibit reductase, what does this do?

A

Reductase makes mevalonate, which is what is used to help form cholesterol. If we inhibit reductase by taking a statin, then mevalonate won’t be made and cholesterol won’t be formed

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8
Q

What are the 4 major statins?

A

Pravastatin
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Rousvastatin

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9
Q

What is the most common statin (the one that is most prescribed)?

A

Atorvastatin

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10
Q

Statins are the DOC for ______.

A

Decreasing LDL

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11
Q

T/F: Statins are kind of effective in raising HDL.

A

True

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12
Q

T/F: Statins increase vLDL.

A

False. Statins are kind of effective in lowering vLDL

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13
Q

What are the 4 pleiotropic effects that may happen when taking a statin?

A
  1. Stabilizes arterial plaque (so they don’t break off and cause a MI)
  2. Anti-inflammatory
  3. Anti-oxidant properties
  4. Anti-platelet/thrombotic properties
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14
Q

What are the 3 adverse effects of taking statins?

A
  1. Muscle pain (myopathy)
  2. Hepatoxicity
  3. CYP interactions
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15
Q

Adverse effects: Myopathy

How many clients are affected by this?

A

5-10%

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16
Q

Adverse effects: Myopathy

What can this progress to? what drug commonly associated with this progression?

A

Rhabdomyolysis

Rousvastatin is the statin drug primary associated with causing rhabdomyolysis

17
Q

What is rhabdomyolysis?

A

Muscle disintegration or dissolution

18
Q

What can rhabdomyolysis lead to?

A

Kidney failure

19
Q

Adverse effects: Myopathy

What do we monitor? and at what level would we need to hold the statin?

A

Monitor CK levels; hold the statin if CK > 10X the upper limit of normal

20
Q

Adverse effects: Hepatoxicity

How many clients are affected by this?

A

0.5-2%

21
Q

Adverse effects: Hepatoxicity

What baseline level do we need to take before starting the statin? and at what level would we need to hold it?

A

Baseline LFT; hold if LFT >3X the upper limit of normal

22
Q

Since statins may cause hepatoxicity, is it okay to give it to patients with liver problems?

A

Depends what liver problem they have

23
Q

Can we give a statin to someone with hepatitis?

A

No

24
Q

Can we give a statin to someone who has viral or alcoholic hepatitis

A

No

25
Q

Can we give a statin to someone with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?

A

Yes; statins may actually help this liver disease!

26
Q

Explain what this means: No data exist that show that routine periodic monitoring of liver biochemistries is effective in identifying the VERY RARE individual who may develop significant liver injury from ongoing therapy.

A

Basically, the few people who may get liver disease is probably due to an idiosyncratic effect. Monitoring the liver stats probably would’t have helped catch it

27
Q

Adverse effects: CYP interactions

Out of the 4 statins mentioned, which is the only one that DOES NOT have CYP interactions?

A

Pravastatin

28
Q

What pregnancy risk category are the statins?

A

X

29
Q

If a client is taking a statin, what should we tell them to report?

A

Unexplained muscle pain!

30
Q

When teaching our patient about statins, we should teach them it takes them ____ to work.

A

2 weeks

31
Q

When teaching our patient about statins, why should we tell them to take the med in the evening?

A

This is when our body makes cholesterol; we want to take the drug when our body is actually making it (to stop the reductase from making mevalonate which makes cholesterol)

32
Q

Client teaching: If a patient is on a statin, do they still need to exercise and eat right?

A

Yes

33
Q

What are the uncommon SE of statins?

A

Headache, rash, GI disturbances

Pharm II (37 decks)

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