Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Family Psychotherapy > Intro- History of Family Therapy > Flashcards

Intro- History of Family Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

theory is context driven

A

TRUE: theory dev is shaped by social & historical contexts
famiily relationships are based on shared history, internalized perceptions/assumptions about the world & sense of purpose

social factors influence dev of beliefs/behaviors/flexibility/stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

modernism

A

world is observable/measurable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

post-modern (hypermodernity)

A

no “true” reality - only familys agreed upon reality (set of constructions, created thru language & based on relational/generational)

we can only offer subjective observations of the “facts”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

social constructionism

A

family narratives = explain/justify family patterns

family constructs own reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when did strands family therapy begin to surface?

A

1950’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

rise of family therapy due to end of world war II

A

TRUE: soldiers returning home to family - high social stressors - needed new form of therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cybernetics (Weiner) to discuss info, control & feedback

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

family = natural, sustained social system w/unique:
evolved set of rules
assigned roles
organized power structure
intricate forms of communication
numerous ways of negotiating/problem solving that allows task completion

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

give an example of how family is socially influenced?

A

gender roles = social & generational influence
(post-modern = relational equality)

cultural diversity = values/rituals/communication patterns/kinship/etended family
social class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

epistemology?

A

study of origin of knowledge how individual gains knowledge and; use it to understand the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

rules used to make sense of experience & language used to interpret incoming info ; rules = underlying assumptions of behavior

A

epistemology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

multiple view of reality exist & absolute truth can never be known

A

postmodernism (narrative + no objectivity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Postmodernism:
Numerous family lifestyles exist (stepfamilies-gay-single parent) & can’t be compared to formal standard of heterosexual marital unit

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Study on control within a system – how a system functions/regulates

Understand how system (family) describes, controls & organizes itself

A

Cybernetics:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cybernetics

Systems ability to predict outcomes

A

circular feedback mechanism
demonstrates:
regulation & systems effort to remain stable

  1. switch from psychoanalytic (linear) systems (circular)

input-feedback –output
a) Families (input) resources, process them (feedback) & send results back into env (output)

Self –regulation can be achieved by = reinserting the results of past performance into current functioning change patterns of performance by altering feedback mechanisms
systems governed by self-regulting feedback loops that correct for deviations to restore stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

early explanations on dev of male schizophrenia = due to maternal rejection

A

true;
“schizophrenogenic mother” = dominate, rejecting, possessive

father = passive, detached, ineffectual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cybernetics ideas brought to communication identified 2 levels of communication

A

report and command

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

study of paradox in communication led to 3 main assumptions of family therapy

A
  1. logical levels: various levels of communication
  2. symptom functionality: (symptoms have reciprocal function- serve need - family attemp to resolve crisis-maintains dysufnction)
  3. Homeostasis: (family interaction patterns dev around keeping stability/balance)
    resist change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Double bind principle: (baetson used concept of cybernetics to study impact of family dysfunction on schizophrenic member of family)

A

♣ Occurs when individual (child) receives repeated conflicting messages from the same person (adult) (ex. “don’t touch me / come closer - expressions of love and hate – approach & stay away

Forced into impossible situation of trying to discriminate between contradictory messages
♣ Disorder = result of failure in family’s communication system (not internal conflict of identified patient)
♣ Schizophrenia = result of flawed relationship transactional communication in family context that give symptoms meaning
♣ Groundbreaking look beyond symptomatic personexamine what occurs in exchange of info & process of relationships btwn family members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

1) Homeostasis: self-regulating efforts to maintain stability + resist change

A

Mechanisms used to keep balance of ongoing arrangement btwn members by activating rules to define their relationships

familys dev structure (interactional patterns) to maintain stability

Seek validation for what we think we already know “we see what we want to see”

Healthy stable family = ability to change (bounce back & cope with crisis)- maintain order + adapt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

2 patterns of chronic marital conflict in schizo families:

schizo due to failure of both parents to be supportive & develop complementary roles

A
  1. Martial Schism:
    ♣ Parents preoccupied with own problems – undermine each others worth to children & compete for loyalty, affection, sympathy and support of children
    ♣ Parents don’t respect / value each other – fear that child will end up like spouse
    ♣ Common = Threats of separation/divorce & father is shunned
  2. Marital Skew:
    ♣ 1 parent with serious psychological disturbance + other parent is weak/dependent
    ♣ weak parent accepts situation / denies realityl tells children its normal
    ♣ lead to further denial & distortions of reality by children
    ♣ common = male schizos from skewed family with dominant/emotionally disturbed mother
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

patterns of chronic marital conflict in schizo families

1 parent with serious psychological disturbance + other parent is weak/dependent
♣ weak parent accepts situation / denies realityl tells children its normal
♣ lead to further denial & distortions of reality by children

A

Marital Skew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

patterns of chronic marital conflict in schizo families

common = male schizos from skewed family with dominant/emotionally disturbed mother

A

Marital Skew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

patterns of chronic marital conflict in schizo families

♣ Parents preoccupied with own problems – undermine each others worth to children & compete for loyalty, affection, sympathy and support of children
♣ Parents don’t respect / value each other – fear that child will end up like spouse

A

Martial Schism:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

patterns of chronic marital conflict in schizo families

Common = Threats of separation/divorce & father is shunned

A

Martial Schism:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

2 ways schizo families deal with emotions

A

2 ways schizo families deal with emotions:

• Pseudomutuality family:
o False appearance of a mutual, open & understanding relationship
used to cover up conflict / conceal distance & lack of intimacy btwn members
o shared family defense mechanism to avoid separation from eachother + meaninglessness
o labels member Identified patient = allows myth by others that their normal
o family emphasis on togetherness & views personal identity as threat to family
o results in: no sense of self, lack in outside social interaction + family as priority

• Pseudohostility family:
o Continuous bickering to mask deep need for intimacy
o Inability to deal with intimacy + impairs realistic sense of relationships
o Effort to disguise underlying chronic conflict + destructive alignments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

defense used by schizo families to avoid outside influence?

A

Rubber Fence mechanism:
o Resistance to outside influences to minimize threatening contact with outside world
o Changeable/Shifting boundaries surrounding families – controls flow of information
allows acceptable info in & closes to keep unacceptable info out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What do the incorrect studies on the development of schizo families show about the shift of family theory?

A

prior to cybernetics - freud (psychoanalytic theory on sx within individual)

now- focus is on whats going on inside the family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

key familiy processes in resilience

A

belief system
organizatinoal processes
communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

psychological testing & medication is not used in current family theory because of interpersonal idea that

A

labeling identified patient with pathology = reinforces that they have problem (problem is in system not individual)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

origin

A

family one is born into or adopted into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

family member who bears the symptom of family dysfunction

A

identified patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

organized repetitive patterns that help stabilize a family

A

rules:

Ñ influenced by culture and past generations
Ñ how families construct & maintain their relationships
Ñ reveal/provides: traditions, expectations, values, roles, regularity in relationships
Ñ family functionality = fair, consistent & well-communicated rules (not whether rules are followed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

meta rules

A

unstated family directives

35
Q

familial patterns individuals play to stabilize system

A

roles

36
Q

dyad - 2 person relationship

A

triad 3 person relationship

37
Q

Basic building block in families emotional/relational system & smallest stable relationship system

A

triangle:

♣ Degree of fusion between relationships: more fusion = less balance + more triangulation
♣ Triangulation: way for 2 people under stress attempt to achieve stability by drawing in 3rd person
♣ Diffuse anxious 2-person relationship –>Draw in 3rd person to form 3-person interaction
♣ 3rd person = least well-differentiated person is most vulnerable & often “identified patient”
♣ Dillutes anxiety + more stable/flexible than 2-some + higher tolerance for stress + maintain level of closeness & distance

38
Q

marital quid pro quo

A

a) marital dyad relationship with well-formulated rules

Each partner gives/receives

39
Q

circular vs linear causality

A

circular: recurring chains of influence
linear: one event causes the other (cause-and-effect)

40
Q

abstract barrier determining ones roles and functions in the family

A

boundary

41
Q

covert alliance btwn 2 family members against 1

A

(munich-structural)
COALITION

can be positive and negative
positive: siblings convince parents for ice cream

42
Q

detouring

A

(munich-structural)
spousal stress–>directed onto child to obtain harmony

“negative coalition strategy”

43
Q

extreme pattern of family organization: members are so separate they lack emotional connection

A

(munich-structural)

DISENGAGED FAMILY

44
Q

(munich-structural)

Emneshed family

A

EXTREME PATTERN OF FAM ORG = OVERLY EMOTIONALLY INVOLVED (no autonomy)

similar to bowen “fused”

(families can be disocnnected but still overly emotionally involved)

45
Q

diagram of familys organizational structure, boundaries & patterns of interaction

A

(munich-structural)

FAMILY MAPPING

not used for generational patterns (used to map structure)

46
Q

boundary that differentiates leader of org from other members

A

(munich-structural)

hierarchy

47
Q

isomorphism

A

(munich-structural)

structure of larger env = similar to fam structure

“bowen-societal regression”
ex. employees take family issues to work

48
Q

overly responsible child who has power/authority (that should belong to parents)

A

(munich-structural)

parental child

49
Q

subsystems

A

(munich-structural)

units in a family based on characteristics (age, sex, interest)

designed to meet others needs

50
Q

triangulation

A

2 members demand 3rd member side with each against each other

51
Q

accommodation

A

(munich-structural technique)

adjustment to make connection

52
Q

strategy used by therapist to reinforce appropriate boundaries and diffuse inappropriate bouundaries by modying transaction patterns

A

(munich-structural technique)

BOUNDARY MARKING

53
Q

enactment

A

(munich-structural technique)

acting out dysfunctional transactional patterns

54
Q

parelelling familys mood/beahvior to solidfy therapeutic aliance

A

(munich-structural technique)

MIMESIS

55
Q

nurture creates pathology

A

false - family env (nurture) decides whether certain genes are expressed

56
Q

parents dont respect of value each other & fear child will be like other parent

A

marital schism

57
Q

marital skew

A

1 weak parent 1 psychologically impaired parent

weak parent denies reality

58
Q

12 current theories of family psychology

F-4
E
A
s-6

A

family development
family system
family communication
feminist

ecological theory
attachment theory

structural
symbolic interaction
social exchange
sociobiological 
socio-bio-cog 
social conflict
59
Q

Families embedded in community/culture/society & family adapts in response to their env.

A

Ecological theory

♣ taking view of systems within systems into outside social agencies & organizations

60
Q

narratives

Meanings, perceptions, communication & social basis of peoples sense of self & identity

A

symbolic interaction

61
Q

Ways families change over time (Stages, transitions, timing & sequencing norms)

Transition btwn stages = changes in family structure/operation

A

family dev

62
Q

Prevalent social patterns in families

social norms arise to promote certain practices (structure) to become more functional

A

structural-funcitonal theory

63
Q

Organization of families to deal with internal/external challenges

Family = machine w/subsystems, interconnected parts & semi-permeable boundary w/env

A

family systems theory

64
Q

Utilitarian economic view + cog-behavior-social view of family as units that exchange goods, services, status, and love to meet each indiv needs

Focus on exchanges within couples Stable relationships = fair exchanges

A

social exchange theory

65
Q

How family disputes arise & are resolved in either constructive or destructive manner

Disagreements = natural how to manage conflict (not how harmony is achieved)

A

social conflict theory

66
Q

2 theories in development psychology address: family relationships & creat theories of fam funct thru assumptions in stories

A
  1. attachment:
    psychological dev of children + intergenerational transmission of relational/transactions patterns
  2. ecological theory of dev
    Concepts of ecological theory + chronosystem / Focus on macrolevel constructs

♣ Explains: (un)health child dev by place child in diff contexts env (micro) / society (macro)
& focuson relationships btwn env (meso) in which dev child lives

67
Q

Behavioral focus on explaining family process (vs structure)

explains: how behavior evolved into current patterns

A

1Social-cognitive-behavioral family theory:

68
Q

Symbolic interactionism + systems theory + info processing + dialectic perspective

Focus on: verbal, non-verbal & emotional communication btwn family members

A

family communication theory

Assumptions: family = transactional (vs structural) communication patterns creative cog schemas for family regardless of structure

69
Q

Deconstructs family, challenges assumptions on fam structure/roles based on demographics

A

feminist family theory

♣ Assumes: familes roles socially constructed

70
Q

♣ How biology (nature) interacts w/ social env (nurture) to produce observable behaviors
♣ Focus on evolution + genetic predisposition w/awareness that biology is NOT destiny
♣ Explains family variables: mate preferences, fertility rates & parenting strategies

A

sociobiological theory

71
Q
  • Psychoanalytic historical perspective of family problem by looking at relational patterns over decades
  • Family patterns = unresolved issues in families of origin (persist & repeat)
A

bowens family systems theory

  • Transgernerational outlook + natural systems perspective
  • Family emotional systems : shaped by evolution that governs its behavior
  • Human emotional functioning = natural system that follow same laws as nature (ex. gravity)
  • human behavior result of evolutionary process & one type of living system
  • Different from cybernetics –> biological view of human family
72
Q

bowen

A
  • Psychodynamic (past family relationships) + systems (present family unit & current interactions)
  • Human behavior = push + pull of family attempt to balance family togetherness + individual autonomy = core issue for all humans
73
Q

Bowen therapist role:

Coach: remain outside emotional process of family/patient + be neutral

A

true

Coach role: clarify, suggest & assist patient in evaluating effectiveness of efforts

Teacher: theory of human behavior change

Explain influence of family, patient objectivity, define self in emotional process

Patient to make own interpretations of family (“self-help” therapy )

Manage implicit triangle: (calm + neutral)
Symptoms = expressions of distance or conflict in family

74
Q

symptoms due to: family structure failure to adapt (VS - protective function for stability)

A

munich-structural

75
Q

therapist is the agent of change

A

munich-structural

76
Q

symptom due to blockage in growth process - low self esteem

A

satir - experiential

77
Q

change happens between patient + famly (not with therapist)

A

bowen

78
Q

joins family as uncle

A

munich

79
Q

client sets the agenda - therapit establishes the structure

A

satir - experiential

80
Q

Offer leadership, direction & encouragement to examine rigid structures & make adaptive changes (Ex. more proximity of husband & wife or more distance btwn mom& son)

A

minuch - experiential

81
Q
  • Change meaning of event to offer alternative perception
    (ex. change view of anorexic child from “sick” to “stubborn” to make her accountable for what is occurring
    Ex. distant step mom seen as “inexperienced” versus “wicked”)
A

technique - minuch & satir

“reframing”

82
Q
  • attempt to change hierarchal relationships within subsystem
    (ex. give excluded father an expanded role - sides with father to unbalance & realign family patterns)
A

minuch -

UNBALANCING

83
Q

actions preceedes understanding (feelings before experience)

A

minuch -structural

84
Q

experience before feelings

A

satir - experiential

Family Psychotherapy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions