B2.2 Tissues, organs and organ systems Flashcards
What id differentiation?
The process by which cells become specialised for a particular job
Why do cells differentiate?
so they can perform different functions
When do cells differentiate in an organism?
during the development
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
What are some examples of tissues and what do they do?
muscular tissue- contracts to bring about movement
glandular tissue- produces substances such as enzymes and hormones
epithelial tissue- covers some parts of the body
What are organs made out of?
tissues
What tissues does the stomach contain and what do the tissues do in the stomach?
muscular tissue- churns the contents
glandular tissue- produces digestive juices
epithelial tissue- covers the outside and inside of stomach
What is an organ system?
groups of organs that perform a particular function
What do humans and other mammals use the digestive system to do?
to exchange substances with the environment
eg take in nutrients and release substances like bile
Describe the digestive system
glands- pancreas + salivary glands, produce digestive juices
stomach + small intestine, where digestion occurs
liver, produces bile
small intestine, where the absorption of soluble food occurs
large intestine, where water is absorbed from undigested food, producing faeces
What are 3 plant organs?
stems, roots and leaves
What are some examples of plant tissue and what is their function?
- epidermal tissues, cover the plant
- mesophyll, carries out photosynthesis
- xylem and phloem, transport substances around the plant.
What type of organisms develop systems for exchanging materials?
large multicellular organisms
Describe the structure of the leaf and the functions of the tissues in the leaf
Epidermis- cover the plant
mesophyll- where photosynthesis occurs
phloem and xylem- transport substances
waxy cuticle- reduces water loss
stomata- allow carbon dioxide in. size is controlled by guard cells
