Peripheral vascular disease

Question 1

What are the local complications of atherosclerosis?

Answer 1

Progression reduces lumen size and impede blood flow
Haemorrhage
Plaque rupture/fissure
Overlying thrombosis
Narrowing
Debris (embolism)
Blockage
Weakening (aneurysm)

Question 2

What are the remote complications of atherosclerosis?

Answer 2

Embolism
Debris
Blockage

Question 3

Which artery is closely related to the fibula?

Answer 3

Perineal artery

Question 4

Which artery is closely related to the medial malleolus?

Answer 4

Posterior tibial artery

Question 5

Which artery supplies the bladder?

Answer 5

Internal iliac artery

Question 6

What are the organ specific symptoms of peripheral vascular disease?

Answer 6

Exercise induced angina
Intermittent claudication
Ischaemic cardiac failure
Critical limb ischaemia
Vascular dementia

Question 7

What is the common clinical presentation of intermittent claudication?

Answer 7

Muscle cramps on walking (calf, thigh, buttock)

Question 8

What is the common clinical presentation of critical leg ischaemia?

Answer 8

Rest pain
Ulceration
Gangrene

Question 9

What is the common clinical presentation of acute limb ischaemia (embolism/thrombosis)?

Answer 9

Pain, pale, paralysis, paraesthesia,perishingly cold, pulseless

Question 10

What is the common clinical presentation of carotid artery disease?

Answer 10

Stroke
Transient ischaemic attack
Amaurosis fugax

Question 11

What is the common clinical presentation of abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Answer 11

Pulsating abdominal mass
Chest pain radiating to back
Generally unwell

Question 12

What treatments are used for acute ischaemia?

Answer 12

Risk factor for modification - reduce risk of death from MI or stroke and relieve symptoms
Revascularisation - bypass, percutaneous balloon angioplasty, stenting, carotid endarterectomy, open/endovascular aneurysm repair
Below knee amputation/prosthesis