4C: Observational learning

Question 1

Social-cognitive
approaches to learning 

Answer 1

theories that propose
learning takes place in
a social setting and
involves various
cognitive processes

Question 2

Observational learning
(also known as social
learning, vicarious
conditioning, or
modelling) 

Answer 2

a process
of learning that involves
watching the behaviour
of a model and the
associated consequence
of that behaviour

Question 3

Model (in relation to
observational learning)

Answer 3

the individual who is
performing the behaviour

Question 4

Attention (in relation to
observational learning)

Answer 4

the
first stage of observational
learning in which
individuals actively focus
on the model’s behaviour
and the consequences of
the behaviour

Question 5

Retention (in relation to
observational learning)

Answer 5

the second stage of
observational learning in
which individuals create
a mental representation
to remember the model’s
demonstrated behaviour

Question 6

Reproduction 
(in relation to
observational learning)

Answer 6

the third stage of
observational learning
in which the individual
must have the physical
and mental capabilities to
replicate the behaviour

Question 7

Motivation (in relation
to observational learning)

Answer 7

the fourth stage of
observational learning in
which the individual must
want to reproduce
the behaviour

Question 8

Reinforcement 
(in relation to
observational learning)

Answer 8

the fifth stage of observational
learning in which the
individual receives a
positive consequence
for the behaviour which
makes them more likely to reproduce the behaviour
again in the future