4F - Body System

Question 1

renal

Answer 1

kidney

Question 2

excretion

Answer 2

your body gets rid of waste it doesn’t need

Question 3

kidneys functions

Answer 3

contribute to homeostasis

produce urine to remove nitrogenous waste

keep pH and salt/water balance of blood in a normal range

Question 4

urine contents

Answer 4

95$water plus nitrogen waste

Question 5

Ureters

Answer 5

Ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Question 6

bladder

Answer 6

stores pee

Question 7

urethra

Answer 7

tube that caries urine from bladder to outside of ur body

Question 8

renal artery

Answer 8

carries blood to the kidney

Question 9

renal vein

Answer 9

carries blood from the kidney

Question 10

aorta

Answer 10

carries blood from the hear to the kidney

Question 11

Inferior vena caba

Answer 11

carries deoxygenated blood back 2 the heart

Question 12

internal urethral sphincer

Answer 12

cmooth muscle under involuntary control

Question 13

external urethral sphincer

Answer 13

skeletal muscle under voluntary control

Question 14

renal cortex

Answer 14

the outer layer of the kidney that contains tiny filtering units called nephrons, which help clean the blood and make urine

Question 15

renal medulla

Answer 15

the inner part of the kidney that contains pyramid-shaped structures, which help concentrate urine and transport it to the renal pelvis

(reabsorbtion)

Question 16

renal pelvis

Answer 16

funnel-shaped structure in the kidney that collects urine from the renal medulla and passes it to the ureter

Question 17

nephrons

Answer 17

Nephrons are tiny filtering units inside the kidneys that remove waste, toxins, and extra water from your blood, forming urine in the process.

microscopic, each kidney has over a million,several nephrons enter one collecting duct, made up of slender tubules1

Question 18

afferent arteriole

Answer 18

dilated blood vessels

Question 19

efferent arteriole

Answer 19

constricted blood vessel leaving the nephron

Question 20

bowmans capsule

Answer 20

Bowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped structure in the nephron that collects filtered fluid from the glomerulus.

Question 21

glomerulus

Answer 21

capillary netwoek, filtration DEVICE

ball of blood vessels inside the nephron responsible for blood filtration

responsible for transporting filtrate into bowmans capsule

impermeable to proteins RBCS so they dtay in the blood

Question 22

proximal tube

Answer 22

The proximal tubule is the part of the nephron that reabsorbs nutrients, water, and important substances from the filtrate back into the blood.

Question 23

decending loop of henle

Answer 23

part of the nephron where water is reabsorbed from the filtrate, making it more concentrated as it moves deeper into the kidney

Question 24

ascending loop of henle

Answer 24

The ascending loop of Henle is a part of the nephron that reabsorbs salts (like sodium and chloride) but not water, making the filtrate less concentrated as it moves upward.

Question 25

distal tubule

Answer 25

part of the nephron that fine-tunes the filtrate by reabsorbing salts and water and secreting additional waste, helping maintain the body's balance of fluids and electrolytes

Question 26

collecting duct

Answer 26

the final part of the nephron where water and salts are reabsorbed as needed, and urine is transported to the renal pelvis

Question 27

how does h20 get out

Answer 27

passive

Question 28

how does sodium get out

Answer 28

active

Question 29

pathway of filtrate along the nephron into urine

Answer 29

filtrate flows from the glomerulus → Bowman’s capsule → proximal tubule → loop of Henle → distal tubule → collecting duct, where it becomes urine as water and salts are adjusted

Question 30

four major steps in urine formation

Answer 30

golerular filtration, tubular reabsorbtion, tubular secretion, excretion of urine

Question 31

what lines the distal convoluted tubule

Answer 31

mitochondria because a lot of energy is required to secrete blood into the nephron so like K+ and H+. anything coming in that has a positive charge needs to do active transport, while negatively and neutrally charged stuff gets in passively

Question 32

if your blood is too acidic, what ions do u pee out vs reabsorb

Answer 32

H+ ions and you reabsorb HCO3 ion

Question 33

if your blood is too basic, what ions do u pee out vs reabsorb

Answer 33

pee out HCO3 ions, reabsorb H+ ions

Question 34

ADH

Answer 34

antidieuretic hormone that tells your kidneys youre thirsty, making the nephon permeable