4th Yar Exams Case studies

Question 1

Natural Hazards Case Studies

Answer 1

Typhoon Haiyan and Beast From The East

Question 2

Typhoon Haiyan death toll and destruction stats - primary effects

Answer 2

6190 died
90% of Tacloban City was destroyed
$12 bn total cost of repair
4.1m people made homeless

Question 3

Typhoon Haiyan secondary effects

Answer 3

Water Borne diseases like Cholera spread
Lack of food supplies led to looting - 8 died in stampede
seawater and sewage contaminated rice farms

Question 4

Typhoon Haiyan - Immediate responses

Answer 4

800,000 people were evacuated
International aid from 33 other countries
1200 evacuation centres set up to help the homeless

Question 5

Typhoon Haiyan - Long-term
responses

Answer 5

Set up a no-build zone in areas that are most likely to be affected by storms e.g. Eastern Visayas
Oxfam replaced fishing boats for locals

Question 6

BFTE - Primary impacts

Answer 6

10 people died
Up to 50cm snow fell on high ground
Rural areas experienced temperatures as low as -12

Question 7

BFTE - secondary impacts

Answer 7

Thousands of schools forced to close
Many rail services cancelled
Many short-haul flights by BA were cancelled
Many were stuck in cars for up to 13 hours due to snow

Question 8

BFTE - responses

Answer 8

Met office issued a red weather warning
Military provided supplies for those stuck in cars and isolated villages by helicopter.

Question 9

Urban issues and challenges case study

Answer 9

Lagos

Question 10

Where is Lagos located

Answer 10

South-west coast of Nigeria
On the Gulf of Guinea

Question 11

How does Lagos provide opportunities - Economic

Answer 11

Informal sector provides low wage jobs but enough to survive and feed families
Lekki free Trade Zone provides millions safe housing and a reliable source of income.

Question 12

How does Lagos provide opportunities - social

Answer 12

Education - Makoko floating school provided education for local children - developed in 2013. Collapsed in storm in 2016.
Health - better healthcare than in rural areas but it is still a big problem and healthcare is not as easily accessible as we know it.

Question 13

The challenges of living in Lagos - urban growth

Answer 13

Urban growth has led to expansion of the city to extend into the sea - government patrol had to cut back Makoko slum.
Eko Atlantic project is multi-million pound project to develop the city and catch the eye to investors and the rich in order to make more valuable space in the city.

Question 14

The challenges of living in Lagos - Water, sanitation and energy

Answer 14

Water - is mostly contaminated and can lead to Cholera but can be bought from water vendors or by bore holes but neither provide completely clean water. 10% of all water in Lagos is treated.
Sanitation - lack of effective sewage systems causes sewage to flow into open drains
Energy - Many rely on backup generators - not reliable. New power station being developed by Olusosun Landfill site.

Question 15

Lagos - reducing unemployment and crime

Answer 15

Providing suitable jobs will decrease the need to steal and therefore decrease crime rates. Example of this is the informal sector.
Street gangs known as “Area Boys” and violent clashes between these are common.