5

Question 1

Lispro

Answer 1

Rapid
Humalog
Onset: 15-30min
Peak: 1 hour
Duration: 2-4 hours

Question 2

Aspart

Answer 2

Rapid
Novolog
Onset: 15-30min
Peak: 1 hour
Duration: 2-4 hours

Question 3

Regular

Answer 3

SC/IV
Short acting
Onset: 30-60min
Peak: 1-5 hours
Duration: 6-10 hours

Question 4

NPH

Answer 4

Intermediate
Onset: 1-2hrs
Peak: 6-14hrs
Duration: 16-24hrs
Draw up clear before cloudy

Question 5

Glargine

Answer 5

Long Acting
Onset: 70 min
Peak: No peak
Duration: 18 - 24hrs
Never Mix

Question 6

Detemir

Answer 6

Long Acting
Onset: 1-2hrs
Peak: 6-8hrs
Duration: up to 24hrs

Question 7

Glucagon

Answer 7

Elevates blood sugar, made by pancreas

Question 8

Glipizide

Answer 8

Increases insulin sensitivity and higher output from pancreas
Dont combine with beta blocker
Sun screen

Question 9

Repaglinide

Answer 9

Stimulates insulin release
Take within 30 min of meal
Monitor signs of confusion

Question 10

Metformin

Answer 10

Lowers glucose production in liver and absorption in intestines
May cause lactic acidosis, metallic taste
May need B12 and folic acid supplement

Question 11

Pioglitazone

Answer 11

Increases insulin production and sensitivity, more glucose utilization
Monitor liver function
Can cause weak bones

Question 12

Acarbose

Answer 12

Metabolizes larger into monosaccharides that are more easily absorbed
Abd Pain
Jaundice and skin reactions

Question 13

Sitagliptin

Answer 13

Increased insulin production
Can cause pancreatitis

Question 14

Dulaglutide

Answer 14

Increases insulin and cyclic AMP
Given as 2 separate injections, don’t mix with insulin

Question 15

Empagliflozin

Answer 15

Lower absorption of glucose and more in urine
Monitor jaundice

Question 16

Levothyroxine

Answer 16

Can treat hypothyroidism
Monitor hypothyroidism
Early admin with water

Question 17

Methimazole

Answer 17

Inhibits thyroid hormones (for hyper)
Frequent weight monitoring

Question 18

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Answer 18

Inhibits thyroid hormones (for hyper, usually graves) prevents thyroid levels
Frequent weight monitoring
Thyroid function tests

Question 19

Memantine

Answer 19

Dementia neuronal receptor blocker
Reduce in renal impairment

Question 20

Donepezil

Answer 20

Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitors
Slows disease by increases Ach
Stimulant effects
Cholinergic crisis - monitor for bradycardia

Question 21

Rivastigmine

Answer 21

Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitors
Slows disease by increases Ach
Stimulant effects
Cholinergic crisis -

Question 22

Levodopa/carbidopa

Answer 22

PD - Increases dopamine
Always given as combo
Diminishes over time - 5yrs
Give some, GI upset at first
carbidopa enhances Levodopa

Question 23

Selegiline

Answer 23

PD
Effects MAO-B for modest improvement
24 months wears off
Drug Interactions: Opioids, SSRIs

Question 24

Benztropine

Answer 24

PD
Reduces tremors but minimally effective
Tolerated well but caution in elderly

Question 25

Sumatriptan

Answer 25

Anti-Migraine Aborting an ongoing attack Causes vasoconstriction

Question 26

Topiramate

Answer 26

Anti-Migraine Preventive therapy Takes several weeks to work, do not stop abruptly Interacts with oral contraceptives

Question 27

Raloxifene

Answer 27

Calcium Balance Similar to estrogen for use in Osteoporosis & Breast cancer Increased DVT Abortion

Question 28

Alendronate

Answer 28

Calcium balance Decreases osteoclast in osteoporosis Taken by itself, first med of day, and keep upright for 30 min

Question 29

Allopurinol

Answer 29

Antigout Prevent disease progression by systemic reduction of uric acid and its crystals, not for acute attacks

Question 30

Cholchicine

Answer 30

Antigout - Uric acid crystals Not first line anymore

Question 31

Methotrexate

Answer 31

Rheumatoid Arthritis Rapid-acting after first 3-6 weeks and often first choice Weekly oral, sc, IM admin No vaccines and frequent blood tests Folic acid to reduce GI effects

Question 32

Etanercept

Answer 32

Rheumatoid Arthritis Suppress immune system (life threatening infections) Administration weekly sc

Question 33

Latanoprost

Answer 33

Glaucoma Lowers IOP by facilitating aqueous humor outflow

Question 34

Brimonidine

Answer 34

Glaucoma- Decreased aqueous humor formation First choice for long term

Question 35

Timolol

Answer 35

Glaucoma Lower IOP by reducing production of aqueous humor Can cause bronchospasm

Question 36

Dorzolamide

Answer 36

Glaucoma Decreasing production of aqueous humor Allergic reaction in 10% to 15%

Question 37

Atropine ophthalmic solution

Answer 37

Used before eye examinations to dilate the pupil Anticholinergics

Question 38

Prednisolone

Answer 38

Eye Corticosteroid short term use in patients not responding to other meds Causes reduced inflammation

Question 39

Phenobarbital

Answer 39

Anti-Seizure Barbiturate Neuropsychologic effects: drowsiness, sedation

Question 40

Phenytoin

Answer 40

Anti-Seizure Focal-onset and tonic-clonic seizures highly protein bound

Question 41

Levetiracetam

Answer 41

Anti-Seizure Drowsiness

Question 42

Valproic acid

Answer 42

Anti-Seizure, bipolar Hepatotoxicity: Liver failure

Question 43

Lorazepam & Diazepam

Answer 43

Anti-Seizure Benzodiazepines CNS depression