5:25 - psychoactive drugs

Question 1

substance use disorder

Answer 1

continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and risk

Question 2

psychoactive drugs

Answer 2

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 3

tolerance

Answer 3

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger doses before experiencing the drugs’ effect

Question 4

what affects a drug’s overall effect?

Answer 4

biological effects of the drug, as well as the user’s expectations

Question 5

neuroadaptation

Answer 5

adapting to the effects of a drug and building tolerance

Question 6

addiction

Answer 6

compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite its adverse consequences

Question 7

withdrawl

Answer 7

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior

Question 8

depressants

Answer 8

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. (eg. alchohol, barbituates, and opiates)

Question 9

alcohol use disorder

Answer 9

(alcoholism). alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawl, and a drive to continue problematic use

Question 10

barbituates

Answer 10

(tranquilizers). depress nervous system activity. some types are prescribed to reduce anxiety and induce sleep. in larger does, memory and judgement is impaired.

Question 11

sleeping pills + alcohol =

Answer 11

the total depressive effect on body functions can be lethal

Question 12

opiates

Answer 12

• opium and its derivatives — heroin, codeine, and morphine
• depress neural functioning
• pupils constrict, breathing slows, and lethargy (sleepiness/lack of enthusiasm) sets in as bilssful pleasure replaces pain and anxiety
• when repeadetly flooded with opiates, the brain stops producing endorphins

Question 13

stimulant

Answer 13

• excites neural activity and speeds up bodily functions.
• pupils dilate, heart and breathing rates increase, and blood sugar levels rise, causing a drop in appetite.
• energy and self-confidence rise
• include nicotine, caffeine, and amphetamines: cocaine, meth, and Ecstasy
• use to feel alert, lose weight, or boost mood or athletic performance

Question 14

nicotine

Answer 14

• found in cigarettes and other tobacco products
• often as powerful and additctive as heroin and coke
• withdrawl symptoms include insomnia, anxiety, irritability, and distractibility

Question 15

cocaine

Answer 15

• snorted, injected, or smoked into the bloodstream
• produces a rush of euphoria that depletes the brain’s supply of dopamine, seretonin, and norepinephrine

Question 16

crack

Answer 16

a faster-working form of cocaine that produces a more intense but briefer high, followed by a more intense crash

Question 17

methamphetamine

Answer 17

• triggers the release of dopamine
• enhances energy and mood, leading to about eight hours of heightened energy and euphoria
• aftereffects: irritability, insomnia, hypertension, seizures, social isolation, depression, ansd occasional violent outbursts
• overtime it reduces baseline dopamine levels, causing depressed funtioning

Question 18

ecstasy

Answer 18

• MDMA
• stimulant and hallucinogen
• triggers dopamine release
• releases stored seretonin and blocks its reuptake, prolonging seretonin’s feel-good flood
• high energy, emotional elevation, and connectedness with those around them
• dehydrating affects: overheating, high blood pressure, and death
• increased depressed mood
• surpress disease-fighting immune system, impairs memory, slows thought, and disrupts sleep by interfering with seretonin’s control of the circadian clock

Question 19

hallucinogens

Answer 19

psychedellic drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Question 20

LSD

Answer 20

a powerful hallucinogenic drug with mystical sensations, almost like a near- death experiences

Question 21

marijuana

Answer 21

• contain THC
• enchanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation
• impaired learning and memory, increased riisk of psychological disorders, lung damage from smoke