5/8/13 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What position should a patient w/ massive hemoptysis be placed in?
dependent position to protect non-bleeding lung
What is a traumatic deceleration injury to the brain that will cause numerous minute punctate hemorrhages and blurring of the grey-white matter junction on CT?
diffuse axonal injury
Why does diffuse axonal injury occur at the grey-white matter junction?
greatest density differential
Where are lesions of MS found?
periventricular white matter
What is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in pts with significant total body surface area burns?
hypovolemic shock
What is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in pts with significant totall body surface area burns in the setting of adequate fluid rescuscitation?
bacterial infection (bronchopneumonia or burn wound infection) leading to septic shock
What is the “hypermetabolic phase” following burn injury?
protein breakdown for gluconeogenesis
What circulating factors induce gluconeogenesis in the hypermetabolic phase that occurs in the days following burn injury?
catecholamines and cortisol
Acute pain and swelling of the midline sacrococcygeal skin and subcutaneous tissues are most commonly due to _______.
pilonidal cyst
A _______ presents with anal pain and a tender, erythematous bulge at the anal verge.
perianal abscess
A _______ due to chronic anal crypt infection or Crohn’s disease would have an external (cutaneous) opening draining purulent material. They are generally located within 3 cm of the anal margin.
perianal fistula
Pts w/ _______ present with multiple painful nodules and pustules in the axillae and/or groin.
suppurative hydradenitis
What is the mechanical cause of hidradenitis suppurutiva?
clogging of apocrine glands
_______ is squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the skin. It typically presents as a thin, erythematous plaque with well-defined irregular borders and an overlying scale or crust.
Bowen’s disease
What 4 Sx characterize the clinical presentation of radiation proctitis?
diarrhea, rectal bleeding, tenesmus, and incontinence
What 2 things may form in the bowel as complications of radiation proctitis?
strictures and fistulae
What does “πρωκτοσ”, as in “proctitis” mean in Greek?
rectum/anus
Ischemic colitis following aortic surgery most commonly affects which part of the bowel?
distal left colon
How does ischemic colitis d/t aortic manipulation appear on colonoscopy?
cyanosis and ulceration affecting a clearly demarcated segment of bowel
What diagnostic modality should be used in order to determine the necessity of a laparotomy in a hemodynamically stable pt w/ penetrating trauma to the abdomen?
CT
What diagnostic modality should be used in order to determine the necessity of a laparotomy in a hemodynamically UNstable pt w/ penetrating trauma to the abdomen?
FAST (or diagnostic peritoneal lavage)
