5. Basal Ganglia (Keim) Flashcards Preview

17. Neuro Test 3 > 5. Basal Ganglia (Keim) > Flashcards

Flashcards in 5. Basal Ganglia (Keim) Deck (20)
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1
Q

What structures make up the striatal complex?

A

Caudate nucleus

Putamen

Nucleus accumbens

Olfactory tubercle

2
Q

What is dystonia?

A

Body part gets stuck at the extreme end of an athetoid movement and must be straightened out.

3
Q

Which disease was discussed as being hypokinetic?

A

Parkinsons

4
Q

What disease is associated with an inability of patients to maintain their tongue in a protruded position?

A

Huntington’s

5
Q

What disease is associated with cogwheel rigidity?

A

Parkinson’s

6
Q

What is the cause of hemiballism?

A

Damage to the subthalamic nucleus on one side.

7
Q

Which arteries supply the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, internal capsule, and substantia nigra?

A

Caudate nucleus: Medial striate As

Putamen, globus pallidus, internal capsule: Lenticulostriate As.

(Internal capsule gets some supply from the anterior choroidal as well)

Substantia nigra: Paramedian branches of the basilar A., and posterior choroidal A from the posterior cerebral A.

8
Q

What are the major outputs of the basal ganglia?

A

Substantia nigra pars reticularis

Globus pallidus internus.

9
Q

What are the symptoms of Huntington’s Chorea due to?

A

A degeneration of the striatum and cerebral cortex, resulting in decreased GABA.

10
Q

Which thalamic nuclei do all basal ganglia loops besides the motor loop synapse into?

A

The ventral anterior and medial dorsal nuclei.

(Motor loop uses ventrolateral instead of medial dorsal)

11
Q

What disease is associated with a pill rolling tremor and block turning?

A

Parkinson’s

12
Q

What two structures make up the thalamic fasciculus?

A

The ansa lenticularis and the lenticular fasciculus.

13
Q

Which disease is associated with visuoperceptive impairments, such as someone misinterpreting an open door as an impassible barrier?

A

Parkinson’s

14
Q

Which nuclei of the thalamus are entered by fibers of the motor loop of the basal ganglia?

A

The ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei.

15
Q

Other than ideopathic, what are the causes of Parkinsons?

A

Encephalitis

Head trauma (demetia pugilistica)

MPTP – drug

CO and Mn poisoning

Wilson disease (copper processing issue)

16
Q

Which part of the substantia nigra is the input for the basal ganglia system?

A

Pars compacta

17
Q

What hyperkinetic disease can be caused by untreated strep throat (type A)?

A

Syndenham’s Chorea

18
Q

What structures make up the pallidal complex?

A

Globus pallidus

Substantia innominata

19
Q

What is the function of the nucleus accumbens?

A

Emotion. It is a part of the limbic system.

20
Q

What is Athetosis?

A

Snake like movements.