5. Coastal Change and Conflict

Question 1

Backwash

Answer 1

The movement of a wave retreating back out sea (away from the beach)

Question 2

Bay

Answer 2

A sheltered area of coastline made from soft rock

Question 3

Coastal Flooding

Answer 3

When areas of land are flooded by the sea.

Question 4

Coastal Management

Answer 4

The processes and plans applied to coastal areas by local authorities and agencies

Question 5

Concordant Coast

Answer 5

Layers of hard and soft rock which lay parallel against the coastline. Looking at the coastline from the cliffs you can see one type of rock.

Question 6

A wave which has a stronger swash than backwash, they deposit material on the beach.

Answer 6

Constructive Wave

Question 7

Placing sand and sediment in a certain place by a wave, erosion, transportation or humans.

Answer 7

Deposition

Question 8

Wave which has a stronger backwash than swash, these waves erode the beach.

Answer 8

Destructive Wave

Question 9

Layers of hard and soft rock which run vertically (90 degree) against the coastline, forming headlands and bays. Looking at the coast from the see, you can sea alternate layers of hard and soft rock.

Answer 9

Discordant coast

Question 10

An approach that allows natural processes to take their course without any intervention

Answer 10

Do Nothing

Question 11

Erosion

Answer 11

Breaking down of rock and sediment

Question 12

Fetch

Answer 12

The distance a wave travels before hitting the coastline

Question 13

Geological Structure

Answer 13

The way in which the rocks are arranged, both vertically and horizontally

Question 14

Hard Engineering

Answer 14

A heavily managed area of the coastline, e.g. sea wall, groyne

Question 15

Hard rock Coast

Answer 15

More resistant rock which is harder to erode e.g. granite

Question 16

Headland

Answer 16

A part of the cliff which sticks out to sea, made from hard rock

Question 17

An approach to environmental management that threats the whole area as an interrelated system

Answer 17

Holistic approach

Question 18

A sustainable method of coastal management, managing the whole coastal area from the shoreline to several kilometres inland as one area.

Answer 18

ICZM

Question 19

Process of sediment moving along the coastline

Answer 19

Longshore Drift

Question 20

The down slope movement, by gravity, of soil and/or rock by the processes of slumping, falling, sliding and flowing

Answer 20

Mass Movement

Question 21

Less resistant rock which is easily eroded or weathered, e.g. limestone

Answer 21

Soft rock coast

Question 22

Sand and sediment which is attached to the coastline but sticks out at sea

Answer 22

Spit

Question 23

A detached column of rock located just offshore.

Answer 23

Stack

Question 24

Strategic Realignment

Answer 24

The re-organisation of coastal defences that is often part of managed retreat

Question 25

Stump

Answer 25

A stack that has collapsed, leaving a small area of rock above sea-level

Question 26

Sub-aerial processes

Answer 26

The weathering of rock and the impacts of wind and rain

Question 27

Swash

Answer 27

The movement of a wave onto the beach

Question 28

Weathering

Answer 28

The weather breaking down rock