5 - Trends in Male Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference in life expectancy for males across the country?

A

Highest life expectancy 83.3 in Chelsea and lowest in Glasgow 73.3

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2
Q

What is the cancer risk for males?

A
  • Men more likely to die of common cancers than female
  • More men die of breast cancer than testicular cancer
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3
Q

What is the male risk of diabetes compared to females?

A
  • Men more likely to be overweight than women at every age
  • Men more likely to suffer complications of diabetes e.g foot ulcers and twice as likely to die prematurely
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4
Q

What are the statistics of male mental health and suicide?

A
  • Suicide is the biggest cause of death in men under 45
  • Peak age for male suicide deaths is 45-49
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5
Q

What are some risk factors for males that may lead them to having poor mental health?

A
  • Relationship breakdowns
  • stress
  • substance misuse
  • Viewing talking therapies badly
  • Responding to stress with risk taking behaviour (misusing alcohol)
  • Unemployed men
  • trauma
  • Being midlife
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6
Q

Why do males undergo health seeking behaviour much less than women, especially for mental health?

A
  • Embarrassed or ashamed to take time off like they would for a physical injury
  • Worried their employer might think worse of them
  • Most don’t feel comfortable speaking to their GP as they feel they are wasting their time
  • Main stress is often financial concerns and work related stress
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7
Q

What are some factors that increase your CVD risk?

A

Monitor patients on schizophrenic drugs and if they have ED

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8
Q

What are some common causes of erectile dysfunction?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Smoking cigarettes
  • Side effect of prescribed drugs
  • Spinal cord injury
  • Regular heavy drinking
  • Following prostate or pelvic surgery
  • Cycling
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9
Q

What are some questions you should ask a patient if they present with ED?

A
  • Determine the duration of the problem and whether it is related to time, place or partner
  • Ask about loss of sex drive
  • Ask about physical problems like pain
  • Explore sources of stress, anxiety, guilt or anger
  • Exclude illness that may affect sexual performance e.g CVD, testosterone or thyroid deficiency, pelvic or spinal trauma/surgery, arthritis
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10
Q

If a male presents with ED what other risk should you consider?

A

They have a higher risk of CVD (especially MI and angina) if they present with ED!!!

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11
Q

What are some drugs that have the side effect of ED?

A
  • Anti-hypertensives
  • Heart disease drugs
  • Antidepressants
  • Peptic ulcer drugs
  • Cancer drugs
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12
Q

What are some treatments for erectile dysdfunction?

A

first line inhibitors: PDE5 inhibitors (Vasodilation)

Vacuum erection devices

second line: inter cavernous Alprostadil

third line: Penile prostheses

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13
Q

What are risk factors for elderly males developing LUTS?

A
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14
Q

What are some filling and voiding LUTS?

A
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15
Q

When should you refer a male for specialist assessment with their LUTS?

A
  • If they have LUTS complication by UTIs or retention or if you suspect urological cancer
  • Men with stress incontinence
  • Bothersome LUTS that have not responded to drug treatment
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16
Q

What are the symptoms of BPH?

A

Occurs in the transitional zone so will have a normal DRE

17
Q

Why shouldn’t a male with BPH take nasal decongestants for a cold?

A

Contains pseudoephedrine which is an adenergic that tightens the muscles in the bladder making it even more difficult to urinate!!!

18
Q

What are unhealthy habits of men that lead to them at risk of mental health problems?

A
  • Unhealthy lifestlye (lack of exercise and consuming too much)
  • Poor work-life balance
  • Denial
  • Alcohol
  • Smoking
  • Risk taking behaviours
19
Q

What is the PLACE advice given to men to promote good mental health?

A
  • Portion control
  • Lose the booze
  • Axe the snacks
  • Cut the carbs
  • Exercise
20
Q

what is the leading cause of mortality in men aged 50-64

A

Ischaemic heart diseases

21
Q

what are some tests you would take if a male who was overweight and had hypertension, who also drinks?

A
  • CVS
  • urine sample for protein and glucose
  • lipid screening test, LFTs (alcohol)
  • U&E (high Bp)
  • HBA1c (average blood glucose)